Development of ecofriendly method for extraction of pectin from apple pomace and utilization of pomace as animal feed
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Date
2015
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YSPU
Abstract
The present study entitled “Development of ecofriendly method for extraction of pectin from apple pomace and utilization of pomace as animal feed” was conducted in the Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh during the year 2013-2015. Apple pomace, a by-product of processing was investigated as an alternative source of pectin and animal feed supplement. Dried apple pomace was utilized as substrate for pectin extraction at using ecofriendly chemical extractants (citric, malic, tartaric, phosphoric and acetic acid) and ecofriendly enzymes (cellulase, hemicellulase, amylase and xylanase) and precipitating agents
(ethanol, propanol, acetone, calcium chloride, aluminium chloride and copper sulphate) and resulting pectin was analyzed for yield and some quality parameters (qualitative and quantitative). The optimized method for pectin extraction consisted of treating apple pomace powder 0.10mm fraction with citric acid extractant at pH 2.5 and autoclave heating at 121°C for 15 minutes followed by two fold concentration of pectin extract and precipitation using (95%) ethanol in the ratio of 1:2 (extract: ethanol) and drying in dehumidifier led to 26.92 per cent pectin yield (dwb) of 122 jelly grade. The pectin obtained can be successfully utilized for
the preparation of different value added products similar to commercial pectin. Apple pomace
is a rich source of carbohydrates, fibers and other minor nutrients, feasibility of apple pomace
as a 10 per cent replacement in animal feed. The pectin extraction without crude chemicals
may allow the food industry to move toward environment friendly technology and sustainable
production of ecofriendly products. Thus utilization of apple pomace as pectin substrate and
animal feed can help in ensuring better returns to the processors, such ventures greatly
contribute towards controlling environmental pollution.
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Keywords
polysaccharides, extraction, apples, enzymes, acidity, concentrates, yields, fruits, organic acids, precipitation