EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS ON POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE RESISTANCE AND YIELD IN BLACK GRAM (Vigna mungo L.)
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Date
2004
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2002 to study the effect of nutrients on powdery mildew disease resistance and yield in blackgram at Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The experiment was laidout in factorial randomized block design which consisted two genotypes, K-3 and TAU-1 susceptible to powdery mildew with nine foliar treatments viz., control (unsprayed), potassium nitrate (0.5% and 1.0%), manganese sulphate (0.25% and 0.5%), magnesium sulphate (0.5% and 1.0%) and ferrous sulphate (0.25% and 1.0%), manganese sulphate (0.25% and 0.5%), magnesium sulphate (0.5% and 1.0%) and ferrous sulphate (0.25% and 0.5%). The treatments were imposed at 35 and 50 DAS. The powdery mildew incidence and severity increased as the crop advanced towards maturity. All the morphological characters were decreased due to the powdery mildew, whereas the biochemical parameters viz., chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b', total chlorophyll, phenol content and nitrate reductase from 45-60 DAS. There was a significant reduction in number of trifoliates and leaf area due to disease infestation between 45-60 DAS than at 60-75 DAS. However, these parameters were maximum in the MnS04 (0.5%) treatment followed by the application of MnS04 (0.25%) and MgS04 (0.5%) The maximum control of disease was found with MnS04 (0.25%) treatment with PDI of 33.30 as compared to control (90.45). The other nutrient treatments MnS04 (0.5%), MgS04, FeS04 and KN03 at both concentrations also found to offer resistance to the disease with PDI ranging from 34.50 (MnS04 0.5%) to 72.55 (KNO3 1.0%). Foliar application of MnS04 (0.5%) recorded significantly higher number of pods per plant, seed per plant, 100-seed weight and yield followed by MnS04 (0.25%) and MgS04 (0.5% and 1.0%). The cost:benefit ratio of MnS04 (0.25%) sprayed twice at 35 and 50 DAS was almost on par with MnS04 (0.5%), MgS04 (0.5%) and FeS04 (0.25%) and hence spray of MnS04 (0.25%) can be recommended for the control of powdery mildew disease.
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