Estimation of combining ability and heterosis for seed yield, its component traits and quality parameters in indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss]
Loading...
Date
2022-07
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that significant differences were present amid treatments for all the characters. The GCA effects estimated revealed that genotype PR-2016-8 was found as best donor parent for dwarf plant height, increased length of main raceme, number of siliquae on main raceme, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and glucosinolate content; PR-2016-4 was a good combiner for length main raceme, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and glucosinolate content. PR-2015-5 for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and silique length; PR-2017-8 for number of siliquae on main raceme, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, silique density and glucosinolate content. PR-2019-9 for days to 50% flowering, number of siliqua on main raceme, seeds per siliqua, silique density, test weight and glucosinolate content. PR-2019-2 for silique length, seeds per siliqua, test weight, oil content and seed per yield. PR-2017-11 for siliqua length and test weight. PR-2017-7 for days to 50%, length of main raceme, siliquae on main raceme and number of secondary branches per plant. RGN-73 for siliqua density. PD-14-13 for siliquae on main raceme, test weight and protein content were best parents for respective characters.Based on SCA effects superior cross identified were RGN-73 × PR-20 for days to 50% flowering; RGN-73 × Giriraj for days to maturity; PR-2016-8 × Giriraj for plant height; PR-2016-4 × PR-20 for length of main raceme; RGN-73 × Albeli for number of siliquae on main raceme; PR-2017-8 × RB-101 for number of primary branches per plant; PR-2019-2 × PR-20 for number of secondary branches per plant; PR-2017-11 × PR-20 for length of siliqua; PR-2019-9 × PR-20 for number of seeds per siliqua; PR-2016-4 × RB-101 for siliqua density; PR-2015-5 × PR-20 for test weight; PR-2019-9 × Albeli for protein content; PR-2016-4 × PR-20 for glucosinolate content; PR-2019-9 × RB-101 for oil content and PR-2019-2 × Albeli for seed yield per plant showed highest significant SCA in desirable direction. The current investigation also revealed PR-2017-7 × PR-20 reported maximum mid and better parent heterosis for seed yield per plant. Whereas, economic heterosis for seed yield plant is exhibited by PR-2019-2 × Albeli. A single cross PR-2019-9 × RB-101 showed all types of heterosis for oil content. In case of PR-2016-4 × PR-20 showed highest relative and heterobeltiosis for glucosinolate content. But, standard heterosis for glucosinolate content was showed by PR-2019-2 × Giriraj. Cross PR-2015-5 × Albeli reported maximum mid and better parent heterosis for protein content whereas cross RGN-73 × RB-101 registered for economic heterosis for protein content. On conducting molecular characterization of 14 genotypes in Brassica juncea using 36 SSR markers, 20 were producing clear, distinguishable, unambiguous and polymorphic bands. Based on the banding pattern generated by these 20 SSR markers, all the genotypes were clustered into two major cluster and they were again sub divided to 2 sub-groups each. The maximum diversity was reported in between genotypes PR-2015-5 and PR-2016-8. Least diversity was reported between PR-2019-2 and PR-2016-8. On the basis of overall findings of present research, the parents identified with good GCA can be utilized as donor in crossing programme and cross combinations which had good SCA, can be exploited in hybrid development programme. The clustering on the basis of molecular characterization help in developing diverse gene pool and parents selected from gene pool are expected to give more heterotic cross combinations.