STUDIES ON ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND CARBON EMISSION IN FATEHPUR BLOCK OF KANGRA DISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
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Date
2015
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ABSTRACT
The present investigation entitled ‘Studies on energy consumption and carbon emission in Fatehpur block of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh” during the year 2013-2015 with theaimto study the consumption of various types of fuels in the block and to estimate the carbon emission in the study area has been presented. The energy consumption pattern indicated that the major fuels used were, fuelwood (88.90%), electricity (8.90%), LPG (1.0%), kerosene (1.0%) and dung cake (0.20%). Consumption of fuelwood (90.98%), kerosene (1.22%) and dung cake (0.17%) was highest in BPL families. Consumption of electricity (9.60%) and LPG (1.26%) was highest in APL families. On the basis of monthly income, highest (91.32%) consumption of fuelwood was in low income families whereas the consumption of electricity (11%) and LPG (1.86%) was highest in high income families. On the basis of land holding, the consumption of fuelwood was highest (88.94%) in marginal land holding families and electricity consumption was highest (16.79%) in semi medium land holding families, whereasconsumption ofkerosene(1.19%)and LPG (2.39%) was highest in semi medium land holding. On the basis of family size of the households consumption of fuelwood was highest (91.07%) in big families whereas consumption of electricity (10.72%) and LPG (1.67%) was highest in very big families, consumption of dung cake was highest (1.17%) in small families and kerosene consumption was highest (0.22%) in big families. On the basis of caste, the consumption of fuelwood (90.06%) and dung cake (0.17%) was highest in OBC families, the consumption of electricity (9.21) and LPG (1.16%) was highest in general category families and consumption of kerosene was highest (1.20%) in SC families. The consumption of fuelwood in cooking and heating was (100%) in BPL families and (98.82%) in APL families. Consumption of electricity for lighting was (100%) in all the categories. The study revealed that use of non-conventional energy technologieswasnot found in the block.The study showed that annual consumption in tonnes of coal equivalent in the selected household was fuelwood (932.085), LPG (10.55), kerosene (10.44), electricity (93.41) and dung cake (1.626). The study revealed that total estimated annual consumption in million tonnes coal equivalent of households in the whole Fatehpur development block was fuelwood (98.13), LPG (1.11), kerosene (1.14), electricity (9.83) and dung cake (0.171). Annual consumption in kg of coal equivalent using various fuels in brick kiln was coal (3,20,000), fuelwood (1,32,000), diesel (176) for transportation and electricity (84,000) for lighting purpose. The per capita annual consumption of various energy sources in households in the Fatehpur development block was fuelwood (1.13tonnes), LPG (8.90kg), kerosene (1.81liter), electricity (133.9kWh) and dung cake (5.44kg). The annual CO2 emission from different fuels by the selected households was 1,243.73 tonnes. The estimated CO2emission in tonnes of the households by consumption of various energy resources in the Fatehpur development was 1,30,952.02 per annum. The CO2emission from the brick kiln was 835.82 tonnes per annum.The per capitaCO2 emission in household sector was 1.24 tonnesannually.