GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE UMBILICAL CORD AND FOETAL MEMBRANES OF GOAT (Capra hircus)
| dc.contributor.advisor | RAJU .N.K.B (MAJOR) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | KISHORE .P.V.S | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | SRINIVASA PRASAD .CH | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | VIVEKANAND KATTIMANI | |
| dc.contributor.author | ANVESHINI MARADANA | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-06-24T16:22:16Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-06-24T16:22:16Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-03 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The study was conducted on umbilical cord and foetal membranes collected from gravid uteri procured from 18 non-descript goat breeds with embryo or foetuses of age groups between 29 to 130 days of gestation. Umbilical cord was a tube like structure that connected embryo or foetus to the placenta. It was covered externally by amnion that contained white, irregular projections called as amniotic papillae from 66 to 130 days of gestation. It contained two umbilical arteries, two umbilical veins and allantoic duct embedded in mucous connective tissue called as Wharton’s jelly. Mucous connective tissue of umbilical cord was made of abundant collagen fibers, few elastic and reticular fibers and various cells like fibroblasts, fibrocytes, mesenchymal cells, mast cells, lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells dispersed in it. Chorion was the outermost layer and was thinnest compared to allantois and amnion. It contained cotyledons with intercotyledonary regions between them. In all the groups, the chorion was comprised of trophoblast layer lined by single layer of uni and binucleated cells underlying mesenchymal tissue. The chorionic villi were elongated structures that branch extensively with advancement of age. Allantois was a transparent fluid filled sac that contained two arms separated by band like structure called isthmus. Allantois was made up of simple squamous or cuboidal epithelium internally and mesenchyme externally at all ages. Cell density in mesenchyme of allantois was lesser than amnion. Amnion was the innermost extraembryonic membrane which was a thin, tough and transparent membrane during all stages of gestation that covers embryo and outer wall of umbilical cord. It extended from navel, surrounded the umbilical cord and then completely reflected over the foetus. Amnion was made up of simple squamous or simple cuboidal epithelium internally and mesenchyme externally. Mesenchymal tissue of chorion, allantois and amnion contained mainly collagen fibers with few elastic and reticular fibers with undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, fibroblast cells, fibrocytes and Hofbauer cells. Placentome was formed by intimate contact between caruncle from maternal endometrium and cotyledon from the chorion of the foetus. The number of placentomes ranged from 68 to 166 with more number of placentomes concentrated in pregnant horn compared to non pregnant horn. Synepitheliochorial form of placentation was seen as the binucleate cells of trophoblast epithelium of chorion migrate and fuse with maternal caruncular epithelial cells and form symplasmic plaques. Amniotic epithelium, amniotic papillae, tunica intima and smooth muscles in tunica media and tunica externa of umbilical vessels and epithelium lining the allantoic duct in umbilical cord and also epithelium of chorion, allantois and amnion showed PAS positive reaction for neutral mucopolysaccharides whereas connective tissue fibers of tunica media and mucous connective tissue and mesenchyme of chorion, allantois and amnion showed AB positive reaction for acid mucopolysaccharides in all age groups. Amniotic epithelium, mucous connective tissue, connective tissue surrounding allantoic duct and tunica externa of umbilical vessels in umbilical cord, epithelial lining of chorion, allantois and amnion and cells in the mesenchyme exhibited bromophenol blue positive reaction for basic proteins. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810210816 | |
| dc.language.iso | English | |
| dc.pages | 121 | |
| dc.publisher | SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA | |
| dc.sub | Veterinary Anatomy | |
| dc.theme | GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE UMBILICAL CORD AND FOETAL MEMBRANES OF GOAT (Capra hircus) | |
| dc.these.type | M.V.Sc. | |
| dc.title | GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE UMBILICAL CORD AND FOETAL MEMBRANES OF GOAT (Capra hircus) | |
| dc.type | Thesis |