INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT OF URDBEAN ANTHRACNOSE CAUSED BY COLLETOTRICHUM TRUNCATUM
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Date
2020-08-24
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CSKHPKV. Palampur
Abstract
The investigation entitled “Integrated disease management of urdbean anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum
truncatum” was conducted in the Department of Plant Pathology, CSKHPKV, Palampur during 2018-20 with aim
to identify disease and pathogen, effect of weather variables on disease development and evaluation of IDM
components viz; host resistance, organic and natural farming inputs, botanical, bioagents and chemicals under in
vitro, in vivo and field conditions for the management of disease. The disease was identified as anthracnose based
on symptoms and pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum truncatum on the basis of morpho-cultural
characteristics that further confirmed through rDNA analysis of internal transcribed region using ITS1 and ITS4
primer. Disease severity was significantly positively correlated (as showed by partial correlation coefficient) with
temperature and moisture under field conditions. Out of two hundred two diverse germplasm lines evaluated under
field conditions for anthracnose resistance, only three lines (93-259, HBU1-2-4 & DKU-94) were found resistant
and nine i.e. 341, DKU-411, PU-13-33, 26-332, 175-T94-2, DKU 99, 598, 557 and 1142 were moderately
resistant. In vitro evaluation of organic and natural farming inputs viz; panchgavya, jeevamrit, beejamrit,
tamarlassi and eupatorium ark against C. truncatum revealed that jeevamrit and beejamrit gave highest mycelial
inhibition (100%) whereas, tamarlassi was least effective (22.80%). In vitro evaluation of alcoholic and crude
extract of botanicals namely Melia azedarach, Eucalyptus sp., Eupatorium odoratum and Lantana camera showed
that crude extract of eucalyptus provided highest mycelial inhibition of 88.79 per cent @ 30% whereas, at 30 %
concentrations alcoholic extracts of all the tested botanicals provided complete mycelial inhibition. In vitro
evaluation of bioagents viz; Trichoderma koningii (DMA-8), T. koningii (JMA-11), T. harzianum (SMA-5), T.
harzianum (TH-11) and T. viride gave mycelial inhibition ranging from 4.83 to 33.24 per cent. Among five
fungicides evaluated in vitro trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% at 50 ppm, carbendazim 50WP at 100 ppm,
propiconazole 25EC at 250 ppm, tebuconazole 25EC at 250 ppm and mancozeb 75WP at 500 ppm showed
complete mycelial inhibition of the pathogen. Under in vivo, panchgavya, eucalyptus, mancozeb 75WP,
carbendazim 50WP and trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% provided 51.37, 43.72, 73.77, 90.16 and 90.71
per cent disease control over check among organic and natural farming inputs, botanicals, and fungicides
respectively and were further selected for the development of integrated management model under field
conditions. In integrated disease management, seed treatment with carbendazim 50WP followed by three sprays of
trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% gave highest disease control of 85.44 per cent with 49.58 per cent
increase in yield over check. However, among treatments involving integration of chemical with non-chemical as
either seed treatment or foliar spray seed treatment with beejamrit followed by three foliar sprays of trifloxystrobin
25% + tebuconazole 50% and seed treatment with carbendazim 50WP followed by three foliar sprays of
panchgavya also found effective with 81.64 and 46.20 per cent disease control along with 46.02 and 31.09 per cent
yield increase, respectively over check.