Anaesthetic evaluation of various combinations of acepromazine, butorphanol and propofol in dogs
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Date
2019-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Eighteen adult dogs (requiring various clinical procedures) used in this study were divided randomly into three groups (A, B and C). All the dogs were premedicated with injection atropine sulphate at the dose rate of 0.04mg/kg body weight I/M in all the groups. Thereafter, acepromazine at the dose rate of 0.05mg/kg body weight I/M, butorphanol at the dose rate of 0.4mg/kg I/M and combination of acepromazine (at the rate of 0.05mg/kg body weight I/M) and butorphanol (at the rate of 0.04mg/kg body weight I/M), were administered in the group-A, -B and -C, respectively. The general anaesthesia using propofol in the group-A, -B and -C were found to be, 6.13±2.50mg/kg body weight, 4.84±1.97 mg/kg body weight and 3.49±1.42mg/kg body weight, respectively on intravenous administration. Maintenance of propofol with repetitive administration of established dose was done on the basis of response. The effectiveness of anaesthesia was evaluated by observing various clinical (Induction time, duration of anaesthesia, muscle relaxation, recovery time, required doses of induction agent, physiological (rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, SpO2, electrocardiography), haematological (haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, differential leucocyte count, packed cell volume, and biochemical (serum glucose, total protein, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum bilirubin, alanine amino transferase and aspartate amino transferase) parameters before and after administration of
anaesthesia. Group-C showed a quicker induction, better analgesia and muscle relaxation as compared to the other groups. Heart rate and respiratory rate increased significantly in group-A after anaesthesia. In group-C mean arterial blood pressure was increased as compared to
other groups. In all the groups haematological parameters maintained their values within the normal range significantly. Serum glucose and total protein values altered significantly within their normal range in all the groups but total protein was somewhat higher in group-A. The
creatinine and blood urea nitrogen vary significantly within the normal range. AST, ALT and total bilirubin level was significantly reduced transiently and then maintained within the normal range in all the groups. On the basis of clinicophysiological and haematobiochemical
observation, all the anaesthetic combination were found suitable and effective in canine general surgery. Propofol with its smooth induction, short duration of action, early recovery and good compatibility with acepromazine and butorphanol, either alone or in combination,
was found to be an effective general anaesthetic. Being a neuroleptanalgesia, acepromazine and butorphanol with propofol (group-C) was found suitable for surgeries demanding pain salvage for long duration.
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