PREVALENCE OF BOVINE MICROFILARIOSIS IN RAYALASEEMA REGION OF ANDHRA PRADESH WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO IMMUNODIAGNOSIS
Loading...
Date
2008-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI – 517 502,A.P
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
“ Prevalence of bovine microfilariosis in Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh with special reference to immunodiagnosis” was undertaken to study the prevalence of microfilariosis in bovine blood samples (1286) collected from Chittoor (360), Kadapa (298), Anantapur (352) and Kurnool (276) districts of Rayalaseema region of Andhra Pradesh, India by using conventional viz., wet mount/ blood smear examination Giemsa’s, leishman’s, JSB staining techniques and knott’s technique and also by Immunological techniques viz., CIEP and ELISA. Based on blood examinations 35 out of 1286 samples were found positive showing the prevalence as 2.72 percent. The incidence in cattle and buffaloes was recorded as 2.45 percent (15/614) and 2.97 percent (20/672), respectively.
With respect to region, higher rate of infection was recorded in Kurnool (3.25%) followed by 3.12, 2.5 and 2.01 percent in Anantpaur, Chittoor & Kadapa districts, respectively. Higher prevalence was noticed in the age group of above 9 years (4.72 %) followed by age groups of 6 to 9years (2.98%), 3 to 6 years (2.05%) and below 3 years (1.04%). Further the incidence was higher in rainy season (3.89%) than summer (2.87%) and winter (1.25%) seasons.
The infection was higher in females animals (35/1254) compared to male animals (0/32) showing the incidence as 2.79 percent and 0 percent respectively.
Cross bred cattle and Murrah buffaloes showed an infection rate of 3.04 percent (14/460) and 3.67 percent (15/408), respectively, while non descriptive animals showed an infection rate of 0.64 percent (1/154) and 1.89 percent (5/264), respectively in both the breeds.
An incidence of 3.47 percent (27/777), 2.65 percent (5/264) and 0.47 percent (1/230) was recorded in lactating, non lactating animals and heifers, respectively.
Morphological characterization of microfilaria by Giemsa’s and JSB staining techniques revealed long, slender microfilaria with a blunt anterior and tapering posterior ends. Antigen used for immunodiagnosis was prepared from Setaria cervi adult worm with a protein content of 5.6mg/ml and excretory-secretory antigen with 2.2 mg/ml. SDS – PAGE profile of polypeptides revealed 15 polypeptides ranging from 7.5 to 205 kDa.
The somatic antigen of Seteria cervi used in CIEP and ELISA gave positive results with knott’s technique positive sera in 32 and 34 out of 35 bovines showing a sensitivity of 91.4 and 97 percent, respectively. Similarly 8 and 10 out of 25 knott’s technique negative bovine sera were found positive in CIEP and ELISA showing a sensitivity of 32 and 40 percent, respectively.
The results of CIEP and ELISA with sera from bovines found positive in Knott’s method and negative in Knott’s method in detecting microfilariosis confirmed that a certain percentage of bovines found negative in Knott’s method were found positive by both the serodiagnositc tests indicating that they have been exposed to infection but could not be detected in routine Knott’s technique (conventional) technique. It is therefore suggested that ELISA was sensitive in the immunodiagnosis of microfiariosis
Description
THESES
Keywords
BOVINE MICROFILARIOSIS; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS