STUDIES ON SERODIAGNOSIS, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT OF SUNFLOWER NECROSIS VIRAL DISEASE IN NORTHERN ICARNATAKA
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Date
2007-08-31
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University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Banglore
Abstract
Sunflower necrosis is a major virus disease of sunflower cau^sed by
Tobacco Streak Virus. It was first reported from Kolar district of
Kamataka State during 1997. The roving survey for disease incidence in
Northern Kamataka was undertaken cmd disease map was developed,
which revealed the presence of disease in all the three seasons.
The disease was severe in Bijapur, Raichur and Koppal districts showing
15-20 per cent incidence. Infected plants showed mosaic, marginal
necrosis and malformation of leaves, calyx and earhead, early infected
plants showed partial seed filling. TSV -S had wide host range and its
Thermal Inactivation Point was 45°C, Dilution End Point 10-4 and
Longevity in vitro of 8 h. The epidemiologieal studies indicated positive
correlation of disease with thrips population and also with maximum
temperature.
The vims was purified by extraction in Phosphate buffer, PEG
precipitation, density gradient centrifugation and ultra centrifugation.
Electron microscopic observations revealed isometric shaped particles in
decoration method. Immunizing rabbit with purified TSV -3 produced the
antisemm. SDS-P AGE revealed 30 Kda Protein band when stained with
coomassie brillant blue. Direct Antigen Coating Enzyme Linked Immuno
Sorbant Assay indicated presence of vims particles in samples of
sunflower, cowpea, peas, green gram, tomato, soybean, black gram and
red gram but not in seeds of diseased plant. In Immunodiffusion test
precipitation line appeared around wells containing diseased samples.
RT-PCR yielded 800 bp length coat protein gene.
The disease had a drastic effect on yield parameters of sunflower.
Germplasm lines GMU-209, GMU-244, GMU-249, and GMU-259 exhibited
some degree of tolerance properties with less than 10 per cent disease
incidence. Crop could be protected from heavy loss due to vims infection
by Imidacloprid seed treatment (@ 5 g/kg) + spray (@ 0.25 ml) at 30, 45
and 60 days after sowing and sorghum as border crop.
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