SURVEILLANCE AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR POD BORER, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) ON CHICKPEA CROP AT KABIRDHAM, CHHATTISGARH
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Date
2020
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Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The present investigation entitled “Surveillance and management practices for pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on chickpea crop at Kabirdham, Chhattisgarh” was conducted during rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18 “at Sant Kabir College of Agriculture & Research Station,”Krishi Vigyan Kendra and farmers field of blocks - Sahaspur Lohara and Kawardha of district Kabirdham, Chhattisgarh.
Number of Heliothis armigera larvae first appeared in 51st SMW (17-23 Dec.) with 1.69 larvae/mrl. The maximum numbers of H. armigera larvae (3.92 larvae/mrl) were noticed during 5th SMW (29 Jan-04 Feb.) and gradually decreased to (0.29 larvae/mrl) during 11th SMW (12-18 March). The population of H. armigera larva showed non-significant negative correlation with minimum temperature (r = - 0.540) however, relative humidity (r = 0.845) showed highly significant positive correlation with H. armigera larva population. Entomopathogenic virus NPV infected larva was first appeared in 52nd SMW (24-31 December) with 0.06 larvae/mrl and maximum NPV infected larva (0.27 larvae/mrl) was noticed during 6th SMW (05-11 February) while, the number of NPV infected larvae gradually decreased to (0.07 larvae/mrl) during 8th SMW (19-25 February). NPV infected larvae showed highly significant positive correlation with morning relative humidity with r value of 0.812. Campoletis chloridae, a larval parasitoid, were first appeared during 52nd SMW (24-31 December) with 0.19 larvae/mrl. The maximum number of parasitoid larvae (0.47 larvae/mrl) were noticed during 4th SMW (22-28 January) however, their number gradually decreased to (0.13 larvae/mrl) during 10th SMW (05-11 March). C. chloridae showed highly significant positive correlation with relative humidity (r = 0.746) at Sahaspur Lohara block during rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.”
Number of H. armigera larvae first appeared in 50th SMW (10-16 Dec.) with 0.20 larvae/mrl. Maximum number of H. armigera larvae (4.06 larvae/mrl) were noticed during 5th SMW (29Jan-04Feb.) however, their number gradually decreased to (0.18 larvae/mrl) during 11th SMW (12-18 March). The population of H. armigera larva Showed highly positive significant correlation with relative humidity with r value of 0.860. NPV infected larvae was first appeared during 52nd SMW (24-31 Dec.) with 0.10 larvae/mrl. The maximum NPV infected larvae (0.30 larvae/mrl) were noticed during 5th SMW (29Jan-04Feb.) while, their number gradually decreased to (0.05 larvae/mrl) during 10th SMW (05-11 March.). NPV infected larva showed significant highly positive correlation with morning relative humidity (r = 0.804). Campoletis chloridae a larval parasitoid was first appeared in 52nd SMW (24-31 Dec.) with 0.07 larvae/mrl. Maximum parasitoid population were noticed during 7th SMW (12-18 Feb.) with 0.39 larvae/mrl. however, their number gradually decreased to 0.05 larvae/mrl during 11th SMW (12-18 March). C. chloridae larva showed significant highly positive correlation with relative humidity (r = 0.820) at block- Kawardha during rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.
The catches of male moth of H. armigera was noticed during 51st standard week (17-23 Dec.) with 0.49 moths/trap/week in pheromone traps which increased gradually and reached its peak (43.45 moths/trap/week) during 6th standard week (5-11 Feb.) and started decreasing from 5th standard week (29-04 Feb.) and reached to a minimum of 1.73 moths/trap/week during 11th standard week (12-19 March). During catches in pheromone traps, the larval population was minimum during 52nd standard week (24-31 Dec.) with 0.08 larvae/mrl and gradually reached its peak during 6th standard week (5-11 Feb.) with 5.78 larvae/mrl. The male moth catches in pheromone traps and larva of H. armigera were highly significant positively correlated with relative humidity with the r value of 0.813 and 0.823 at Sant Kabir College of Agriculture and Research Station, Kawrdha during 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.
The catches of male moth of H. armigera were noticed during 51st standard week (17-23 Dec.) with 0.40 moths/trap/week, which increased gradually and reached its peak with 33.37 moths/trap/week during 5th standard week (29 Jan.-4 Feb.) and reduced to a minimum of 0.76 moths/trap/week in 11th standard week (12-18 March). During catches in pheromone traps, larval population was minimum in 51th standard week (17-23 Dec.) with 0.07 larvae/mrl and gradually reached its peak during 6th standard week (5-11 Feb.) with 5.90 larvae/mrl. The male moth catches in pheromone traps and larvas of H.armigera were highly significant positively correlated with relative humidity with the r value of 0.824 and 0.825 at KVK, Kabirdham during 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.)
The overall mean showed that mean number of larvae per meter row length was minimum in NSKE (0.78 larva/mrl), Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) (0.92 larva/mrl) and followed by Beauveria bassiana (1.05 larva/mrl) over untreated control (1.74 larva/mrl). Similarly, after Ιst and ІΙnd spray the Karanj oil treatment showed 1.16 larva/mrl of H. armigera per meter row length. The pod damage per cent was significantly reduced in treatments with NSKE (3.97%) and at par with B. thuringiensis (4.45%) followed by B. bassiana (7.14%) and Karanj oil (7.73%). The untreated control plot has recorded maximum pod damage of 10.82 per cent from H. armigera. The maximum yield of 16.73Q/ha. were obtained in treatment with NSKE at par with B. thuringiensis (14.91Q/ha.) followed by B. bassiana (11.87Q/ha.) and Karanj oil (10.94Q/ha.) as against the lowest yield of 8.69 Q/ha. in untreated control at Sant Kabir College of Agriculture and Research Station, Kawardha during rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.
The overall mean showed that mean number of larvae per meter row length was low in NSKE (1.11larva) at par with B. thuringiensis (1.24 larva /mrl) followed by B. bassiana (1.41 larvae/mrl) over untreated control (2.20 larvae/mrl). Similarly, after Ιst and ІΙnd spray the Karanj oil (1.70/mrl) larvae of H.armigera per meter row length. The pod damage per cent was significantly reduced in treatments with NSKE (2.95%) followed by B. thuringiensis (5.06%), B. bassiana (6.84%) and Karanj oil (8.05%). The untreated control recorded maximum pod damage of 11.54 per cent from H.armigera. The maximum yield of (15.80 Q/ha.) were obtained in treatment with NSKE and at par with B. thuringiensis (14.62 Q/ha.) followed by B. bassiana (1127 Q/ha.) and Karanj oil (11.75 Q/ha.) as against the lowest yield of 8.06 Q/ha. in untreated control at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kabirdham during rabi 2016-17 and 2017-18, respectively.”
The LC50 values of B. bassiana for larval bioassay of H. armigera were 4168.69 and 3715.35 g/ha. however the LC50 values of B. thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) were found as 446.68 and 480.00 ml/ha, analysed at 120 hours after treatment respectively during first and second experiment.