Genetic variability for zinc uptake and concomitant traits using agronomic and molecular indices in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Date
2013
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CCSHAU
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate variability for Zn, N, and P concentration in grain and straw, grain yield and its components, correlation and genetic diversity in wheat genotypes. The experiment laid out in completely randomized design included 15 hexaploid wheat cultivars, 12 F1 hybrids among them and 107 F2 plants. Results revealed that mean sum of squares due to genotypes (Parents and F1s) were significant for all the characters. Grain zinc concentration among parental lines ranged from 33.09 to 77.06 Ig/g, N concentration ranged from 2.79 to 5.10 % and P concentration ranged from 4171.00 to 5809.75 Ig/g. The highest level of Zn and N concentration was observed in cultivar C 306, and highest P concentration was observed in KRL 19. Some hybrids had more Zn, N and P concentrations while others had less as compared to their parental varieties The F2 population obtained from a cross between PBW 343 × KRL 19 showed large segregations for grain zinc (25.78 to 119 Ig/g ), N (1.5 to 5.2 %) and P (3292.35 to 8458.50 Ig/g) concentration. F1 hybrids had increased plant height, broader flag leaf area, more number of tillers and higher 1000-grain weight which resulted in higher grain yield when compared to their parental varieties. Correlation coefficients revealed no clear association of grain zinc concentration with grain yield and 1000-grain weight. However, phytic acid exhibited positive association with grain: zinc, protein and total phosphorus. Flag leaf area, 1000-grain weight, number of tillers and dry matter were significant component of grain yield.
Genetic diversity for zinc assimilation in representative sets of wheat cultivars was studied at
molecular level. Of 54 SSR primer pairs studied, 44 showed polymorphism, when screened in 15 wheat cultivars. A total of 165 alleles were identified averaging 3.1 alleles per locus. The value of average polymorphic information content for these SSR markers was estimated to be 0.42. The mean PIC value suggested that SSR marker system is effective in determining polymorphism. The SSR primer pairs found polymorphic in both PBW 343 and KRL 19 were selected to screen their 48 F2 plants. Of 20 polymorphic microsatellite markers screened, only 6 showed allelic variability both in parents and F2 plants with 30% polymorphism.
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Keywords
Grain, Wheats, Concentrates, Planting, Zinc, Genotypes, Yields, Genetics, Nitrogen, Acidity