EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF NANO COPPER ON NUTRIENT UTILIZATION, GROWTH AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN KARAN FRIES CALVES
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Date
2022
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ICAR-NDRI, KARNAL
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nano-Cu (pure) supplementation
on nutrient utilization, growth and blood biochemical parameters in Karan Fries calves.
Twenty-five Karan Fries calves were selected from the Livestock Research Centre of
ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal and divided into 5 groups of 5 animals
each based on their body weight and age in a randomized block design. All the animals
were fed a basal diet as per nutrient requirements (ICAR, 2013). However, the animals in
groups T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were supplemented with 0, 10 (CuSO4), 1, 5 and 10 ppm
(nano-Cu) Cu, respectively. Concentrate mixture and maize fodder were supplied in the
ration in ratio of 40: 60 (DM basis) to all the animals. Daily DM intake and fortnightly
body weights were recorded in the morning before offering feed and water. Blood samples
were collected at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days of experimental day and analyzed for
haematological parameters, liver enzymes, minerals, antioxidants and immunity (FRAP
activity). A 8-day metabolic trial was conducted at the end of the feeding trial to find out
the digestibility of nutrients, N and mineral balances. The dietary concentration of Cu was
8.38, 20.07, 9.62, 13.92 and 18.86 ppm in groups T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively.
Supplementation with Cu at different levels had no effect on fortnightly body weights,
average daily gain, DM intake and feed conversion ratio. Diet supplemented with 10 ppm
Cu (CuSO4), 1, 5, and 10 ppm (nano-Cu) had no significant effect on the digestibility of
DM, CP, NDF and ADF. The apparent absorption of Cu in nano-Cu supplemented groups
was higher (P<0.05) than other groups. Dietary supplementation of inorganic Cu and nano
Cu did not exert any effect on the absorption of Zn, however, Fe absorption was higher
(P<0.05) in all Cu supplemented groups. After supplementation of CuSO4 or nano-Cu,
blood Cu and Fe concentration were higher (P<0.01). The effect of CuSO4 was lesser than
that of the nano-Cu group at the similar level of supplementation. Copper supplementation
increased (P<0.01) Hb, RBC and PCV levels and antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase,
catalase and glutathione peroxidase) when supplemented at the level of CuSO4 (10 ppm)
and nano-Cu (5 and 10 ppm). Hence, 10 ppm of supplementary inorganic Cu could be
replaced by 5 ppm of nano-Cu without affecting feed intake, nutrient utilization and blood
profile in Karan Fries calves receiving basal diet containing 8.38 ppm Cu.