LONG TERM EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON COTTON YIELD AND SOIL PROPERTIES IN COTTON BASED CROPPING SYSTEM IN RAINFED VERTISOL
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Date
2002
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
A long-term investigation was carried out to study the effect of application of organic manures viz., FYM, crop residues (cotton) and vermicompost in combination with different levels of fertilizers on cotton yield and soil properties in cotton-groundnut-rabi jowar rotational system at ARS, Dharwad. The experiment was initiated in 1997-98 and the observations recorded during the year 2001 -02 , which formed the basis of present study. Soil samples were collected treatment-wise from 1999-2000 to 2001 - 02 and analyzed for chemical, physical and biological properties. Application of FYM (10 t/ha) decreased bulk density (1.21 g/cc) of soil but increased maximum water holding capacity (74,67%), aggregate stability (78.62%) and infiltration rate (1.22 cm/hr) of soil. Soil organic carbon content was also increased from 0.97 to 1.01 per cent. FYM (10 t/ha) in combination with RDF (40:25:25 N, P2O5 and K2O) improved the available nutrient status of N, P K, Zn and Fe of soil2from cycle to cycle but pH and EC of soil were not significantly influenced. Application of 100 per cent RDF recorded higher uptake of N (40.61 kg/ha), P2O5 (18.11 kg/ha), K2O (36.70 kg/ha), Zn (56.16 g/ha) and Fe (156.9 g/ha) by crop and also recorded higher kapas yield (891 kg/ha) of cotton, which was 27 per cent over control. Higher bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes populations were recorded in the treatment receiving combined application of FYM (10 t/ha) and recommended level of chemical fertilizer. Economics of various treatment indicated higher net returns and B:C ratio (Rs. 1 3 5 4 /h a and 1.37, respectively) with RDF over 50 per cent RDF and control. So, application of FYM (10 t/ha) along with 100 per cent RDF helps in improving physical, chemical and biological properties of soil as well as Productivity of crop.
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