Combining ability and heterosis studies for various qualitative and quantitative traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell)
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Date
2019-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
The present study was conducted at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar using the observed data during the year 2018-19. The investigation consisted ten genetically diverse parents namely WBLL1*2/KKTS, NS732/HER/3/PRL/SARA //TSI/VEE#5/4/FRET2/ 5/WHEAR/ SOKOLL, DBW 62, MILAN/KAUZ//PASTOR/3/PASTOR, DBW 88, QLD 63, PASTOR// H×L7573/2* BAU/3/WBLL1/6/MTRWA92.161/PRINIIA/5/…, WH 1142, PBW 752 and BCN/RTALTO// 2*MUNAL#1 crossed in half diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) in Rabi 2017-18. Next year (Rabi 2018-19) 10 genotypes along with their 45 F1’s and two checks i.e. UP 2784 and HD 3086,were evaluated in 3 replications follow randomized block design to advance the generation. Observations were recorded for different traits for genetic diversity, combining ability and heterosis analysis. For plant height, flag leaf area, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, harvest index and grain yield per plant observations measured on the basis of 5 randomly selected plants on each plot in each replication in each of the F1’s progenies along with each parent and 2 checks..
However, days to 75% heading and days to maturity were measured as per plot basis. The results from present investigation depicted significant analysis of variance differences for all the genotypes for all the traits and mean square due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant for all characters under studied. Significance of both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) showed that both additive and non-additive variances were involved in the expression of all the traits studied.
In present investigation parents WBLL1*2/KKTS, BCN/RTALTO//2*MUNAL#1 and NS-732/HER/3/PRL/ SARA// TSI/VEE#5/4/ FRET2/5/WHEAR/SOKOLL were found as good general combiners while crosses QLD 63 × PBW 752, WBLL1*2/KKTS×MILAN/KAUZ//PASTOR/3/PASTOR, PASTOR//H×L7573/2*BAU/3/WBLL1 /6/ MTRWA 92.161/PRINIIA/5/… ×PBW 752, WH 1142 × BCN/RTALTO//2*MUNAL#1, WBLL1 *2/KKTS × QLD 63, DBW 62 × DBW 88, MILAN/KAUZ//PASTOR/3/PASTOR × QLD 63 and NS-732/HER/3/PRL/SARA//TSI/ VEE#5/4/ FRET2/ 5/WHEAR/SOKOLL × PASTOR//H× L7573/2 *BAU/3/ WBLL1/6/MTRWA92.161/PRINIIA /5/… were the superior specific combinations for various traits studied. It is advocated that parents with good general combining ability could be used in crossing programme and the crosses with significant SCA effects can be utilized for getting transgressive segregants. These best parents and cross combinations might be effectively utilized in wheat breeding for the improvement of yield components and thus their incorporation in further breeding program is suggested.
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