EFFECT OF SEVERITY OF PRUNING AND FRUIT RETENTION ON FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY OF CUSTARD APPLE.
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Date
2023-01-23
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Dr.Panjabrao Deshmuksh Krishi Vidyapeet,Akola
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of severity of pruning and fruit retention on fruit yield and quality of custard apple” was carried out during 2019-20 and 2020-21 at Dhanaj (Khu), Tq- Karanja, Dist- Washim (MS) to study the effect of severity of pruning on flowering, fruit setting and fruit development of custard apple, to study the effect of fruit retention on fruit development, fruit size, fruit yield and quality of custard apple and to find out the suitable pruning intensity and fruit retention for quality yield of custard apple.
The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design designed with four severity of pruning viz., P1- No pruning (control), P2- Light pruning: thickness of branch 3-5mm (Refill thickness), P3- Medium pruning: thickness of branch 6-10mm (Pencil thickness) and P4- Hard pruning: thickness of branch 11-15mm (Thumb thickness) and fruit thinning are T1- no thinning (control), T2- fruit retention up to 100 fruits per plant, T3- fruit retention up to 80 fruits per plant, T4- fruit retention up to 60 fruits per plant and T5- fruit retention up to 40 fruits per plant.
Light pruning shows the highest number of flowers per branch. However, maximum fruit set percentage and less stony fruit percentage was obtained in medium pruning. Early sprouting, maximum number of shoots emerged per branch, minimum days to flowering and minimum days to harvesting was found in unpruned plant. The early harvesting and less stone fruit were noticed in fruit retention up to 40 fruit per plant followed by fruit retention up to 60 fruit per plant. The fruit retention does not show any significant effect on growth parameters except days to harvesting and stony fruit percentage.
Maximum fruit yield per plant (kg), fruit yield per plot (kg), fruit yield per hectare (t/ha-1) was recorded in medium pruning and no thinning. Maximum A and B grade quality fruit yield per plant (kg) and fruit yield per hectare (t/ha -1) was found in medium pruning and fruit retention upto 40 fruits per plant followed by fruit retention upto 60 fruits per plant. The minimum C and D grade fruit yield per plant (kg) and fruit yield per hector (t/ha -1) was recorded in medium pruning and fruit retention upto 40 fruits per plant.
The fruit quality in respect of fruit quality characters such as, maximum weight of fruit, fruit length, fruit breadth, weight of pulp, weight of peel, lowest number of seed and seed weight was recorded in medium pruning and fruit retention upto 40 fruits per plant followed by fruit retention upto 60 fruits per plant. Maximum TSS, total sugar and titrable acidity was obtained from medium pruning and fruit retention upto 40 fruits per plant and followed fruit retention upto 60 fruits per tree. Maximum TSS:acidity ratio and sugar:acidity ratio was recorded in light pruning and fruit retention upto 40 fruits per plant.
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JADHAV, KARAN PRALHAD. (2022). Effect of severity of pruning and fruit retention on fruit yield and quality of custard apple. Department of Fruit Science, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Ph. D. 2022. print. xvii, 194p. (Unpublished).