STUDIES ON THE PATHOLOGY OF NEOPLASM IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS.
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Date
2019-07
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present work was conducted to study the pathomorphological changes of animal neoplasms by using cytological, gross and histopathological, histochemical and immunohistochemical studies. A total of ninety-six (96) tumor cases were collected during September, 2017 to June, 2019. The incidence of neoplasms was highest in canines (71.87%) followed by the bovines (16.67%), rabbits (7.2%), equines (2.08%) and caprine (1.04%). The maximum incidence of neoplasms occurred in the age group of 3-6 years (28.12%) and the incidence was highest during summer (31.25%) followed by winter (25%), monsoon (23.45%) and spring (19%) season. Benign tumors (53.12%) were higher than malignant tumors (46.87%). Location wise highest occurrence of neoplasms was recorded in mammary gland (20.33%) followed by oral region (18.75%), genitalia (11.45%). On basis of cytology, tumors of epithelial origin were 58.04%, mesenchymal origin 32.25% and round cell tumor 9.6%. Canine mammary tumors (18.84%) were found to be most frequently recorded tumors followed by squamous cell carcinoma (13.04%). Histopathological examination of papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma, Fibroma, fibrosarcoma, haemangioma, haemangiosarcoma, mast cell tumor, melanocytoma, malignant melanoma, sebaceous adenoma, mammary adenoma and adenocarcinoma, mixed mammary tumor, solid carcinoma of mammary gland, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocellular carcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, malignant renal cell carcinoma, Sertoli cell tumor, cystic papillary carcinoma revealed charecteristic benign and malignant features. Histochemical staining such as Masson’s trichrome, Van Gieson’s, Toluidine blue and Schmorl's confirmed the tumors as fibroma or fibrosarcoma, leiomyoma, mast cell tumors and melanocytoma or malignant melanoma, respectively. Silver stained nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR)count showed significantly higher count in malignant than benign tumors. Amongst malignant tumor, the highest AgNOR count was found in cholangiocellular carcinoma (6.89±2.00) followed by fibrosarcoma of mammary gland (6.64±2.47) and least in haemagiosarcoma (2.96±1.25). Immunohistochemical studies in tumor for the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), p53 and H-ras found to have diagnostic value and supported the hisopathological observations of tumors in animals. Further, TdT mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was found to be useful for determining the role of apoptosis in different animal neoplasms.
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