Diversity analysis for quantitative traits, biochemical profiling and screening of MYMV in blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) germplasm collected from Uttarakhand hills
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Date
2013-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, 2n = 2x = 22) commonly known as urdbean or mash is an important pulse crop of India. The present investigation was carried out at N.E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, Pantnagar, during kharif, 2011 and 2012 with 54 genotypes (including 50 test lines and 4 check varieties) of blackgram for ten quantitative traits with the objectives to study genetic divergence, character association for yield and its components, quantification of seed storage protein and identification of genotypes with high protein content, polymorphism in genotypes using SDS – PAGE and to identify resistant germplasm source for MYMV disease. Mean squares due to genotypes were highly significant for plant height, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100 seed weight and grain yield per plant while significant for number of pods per cluster. The highest yield was recorded as 10.55 g/plant for genotype GP 2011-15 followed by 10.30 g/plant for GP 2011- 64. Character association analysis revealed that yield per plant showed highly significant and positive correlation with all the characters except days to 50% flowering and 100 seed weight. Based on non-hierarchical euclidean cluster analysis, 54 genotypes were grouped into nine non-overlapping clusters. The cluster V comprised of maximum number of genotypes (11) whereas, cluster VII consisted of minimum number of genotypes (2). Highest inter cluster distance was observed between the genotypes of clusters IV and VII followed by
clusters IV and VI. Six genotypes viz., GP 2011-15, GP 2011-448, GP 2011-152, GP 2011-64, IS-1 and RS 241 were identified as divergent and desirable for particular characters. Genotype GP 2011-15 was selected for number of clusters/plant, number of pods/plant and yield/plant, IS-1 for seeds/pod, GP 2011-448 was selected for plant height and 100 seed weight, GP 2011-152 for number of branches/plant, genotype GP 2011-64 for number of pods/cluster and pod length and RS 241 was selected for days to 50% flowering. Among genotypes evaluated some of them could be a good source of seed storage protein. In blackgram seeds protein ranged from 20.22 to 23.06%. PCPGR 8027 and PCPGR 8022 contained highest amount of total protein i.e. 23.06% and 23.03% respectively. The genotypes were grouped on the basis of SDS-PAGE analysis. The dissimilarity coefficient ranged between 0 - 0.80. A dendrogram based on the UPGMA analysis grouped 54 genotypes into 2 main clusters, cluster A and cluster B. Cluster A consisted of 26 genotypes and the remaining 28 were grouped in cluster B. Genotypes were also screened against MYMV disease. Six genotypes viz., EK 91, IS-1, Urd 83, GP 2011-15, GP 2011-64 and PCPGR 8026 were found immune against MYMV.
Three genotypes GP 2011-15, GP 2011-64 and PCPGR 8026 were found agronomically good and immune against MYMV disease, whereas, PCPGR 8026 was found early maturing and contained high seed storage protein.
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