EFFECT OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Caesalpinia sappan L. ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS IN BROILER CHICKEN
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Date
2015-06
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT :
Oxidative stress in broiler chicken can result in damage to biomolecules, cells and tissues which thereby can negatively affect antioxidant system and result in poor growth rate and production of the broiler chicken. A trial was conducted during the summer months of May-June of 2014 when the temperature and relative humidity were in the range of 38 to 40ºC and 46 per cent respectively to study the antioxidant and growth promoting effect of methanolic extract of Caesalpinia sappan in broilers. One hundred day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five groups with 20 birds each. Control group I was given basal diet and treatment groups II, III and IV were supplemented with methanolic extract of Caesalpinia sappan stem bark @ 100, 300 and 500 ppm respectively and group V was administered with vitamin E @ 100 ppm as an antioxidant control through drinking water from day 0 to 8 weeks of age. Serum and tissue samples were collected at the end of 8th week of the experiment and preserved at -20ᵒC for analysis of tissue antioxidant profile (TBARS, reduced glutathione, GPx, SOD, catalase) and serum biochemical parameters like ALT, AST, CK, cholesterol and T3 activity. The performance parameters were recorded at weekly intervals. The results indicated that the mean values of TBARS levels were significantly decreased whereas the levels of reduced glutathione, GPx, SOD and catalase were significantly increased in liver and kidney tissues of treatment groups compared to control and their activity was comparable with that of vitamin E treated antioxidant control group indicating heat stress induced oxidative damage to the tissues. The serum concentrations of ALT, AST, CK and cholesterol were significantly lower in C. sappan treated group III and IV compared to control group. However, serum T3 levels showed no significant change among different groups. Growth performance did not differ among different treatment groups during the starter period. In the finisher phase and overall period, birds in group IV had higher feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio, followed by birds in group III when compared with control group, which showed the lowest performance. The dressing yields and abdominal fat percentages were not influenced by various dietary treatments, but group IV birds showed better dressing percentage compared to control group. The results of this study concluded that, supplementation of methanolic extract of Caesalpinia sappan improved antioxidant status and their performance in broiler chickens reared under high ambient temperature during summer months and it can be considered as a replacement for synthetic antioxidant in poultry diet in heat stress conditions
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