A compact defected-ground UWB antenna for breast tumor detection using SAR analysis
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Date
2022-02
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Tumor is the world's most serious health issue. There are various methods for detecting a tumor in any region of the human body. Breast cancer is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Tumor generated by improper tissue growth. It is classified based on its size and location within the body. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Biopsy Test, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan, mammography, Electro Encephalogram (EEG), and other tests are available for early diagnosis of breast tumors. Existing approaches are noninvasive, but they are constrained by cost and reliability concerns. These diagnostic approaches are insufficient to detect tumors that are deeper than 20% and cause major problems. In the dissertation, an ultra wideband antenna has designed with variable size (i.e. radius) of the tumor and breast phantom models, and the tumor is detected with the help of antenna. An ultra wide band planer antenna with T-shape slot in the front plane and the modified defected ground plane has been designed. A 3-D three layer simulated breast phantom model with radius 30mm is designed and interfaced with the proposed antenna with and without tumor. The three layer breast phantom model consists of skin, fat and fiber layer. The tumor is detected by observing changes in antenna performance parameters viz. electric field distribution, return loss, current density, SAR (specific absorption rate). Sphere shaped tumor is detected by observing variation in the antenna performance parameter. The tumor detection is applied on the semi-hemispherical breast phantom on the HFSS software. The result shows that the change in the radius of tumor, location of tumor and the position of the UWB antenna changes the antenna performance parameters because of the electrical properties of tumor and breast phantom. The value of SAR decreases on increasing the distance between the antenna and phantom as well as increases on increasing the radius of the tumor. The current density, electric field and magnetic field distribution also decreases on moving the tumor tissue deep inside the cell. Thus, SAR is best choice for detection of the malignant tissue inside the phantom and the antenna therefore be used in bio-medical applications.