EFFECT OF VAM FUNGI AND VERMICULTURE ON GROWTH, YIELD AND STRESS TOLERANCE OF PAPAYA
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Date
2003
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, DHARWAD
Abstract
"Fifty teak {Tectona grandis L. f.) clones of Karnataka. maintained at Karka
clonal bank and at Alur clonal seed orchard near Dandeli, were characterized at
morphological and molecular levels apart from assessing their resistance levels to
two important pests viz., trunk borer {Alcterogystia cadambe) and defoliatorskeletonizer
complex {i-iyblea purea & Eutectona maciieralis). Using a set of seven
simple leaf descriptors {viz. leaf petiole, leaf texture, leaf shape, leaf tip, leaf base,
adaxial leaf pubescence and leaf colour) a key was developed to delineate teak
clones that could be effectively adopted at the field level. Perhaps for the first time,
30 teak clones were fingerprinted with 20 random RAPD primers. Six clones {viz.,
MyHV2, MyHV3, MyHV7, MySa1, MySa2 and MyHaK2) possessed unique bands
enabling them to be identified without ambiguity and further, thirteen pairs of clones
shared a unique band. These informative primers show a great potentiality in
genotyping unknown clones, maintaining clonal fidelity and in clonal registration.
Moderately high level of genetic diversity was found among the 30 teak clones with
an information index of 0.373 ± 0.243. Clones of central provenance of Karnataka
were more diverse (0.352) than those from southern (0.304) and northern
provenance (0.317) as revealed by Shannon Information Index.
Significant inter-clonal differences were identified for the susceptibility levels
to trunk borer and for defoliators. Eleven of the fifty clones were tolerant to
defoliator attack with MyMK3 (24.33% leaf defoliation) and MyHV3 (37.28%) clones
showing least attack. Clone MyHuTI showed maximum tolerance to trunk borer
(0.44 holes per tree) among the 12 tolerant clones. However, levels of tolerance to
these two pests were independent. Association analysis showed that clones with
higher pubescence and dark green colour were more often susceptible to
defoliators' attack. Clones from southern origin performed better in terms of volume
growth after twenty years (0.43 m^) than those of the central (0.41 m^) and northern
(0.38 m""^) provenance of the state."
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No. of references 130