NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT IN RABI SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus.L) IN RELATIONTO DIFFERENT TILLAGE PRACTICES IMPOSED DURING KHARIF.
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Date
2011
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ACHARYA N.G.RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERISTY
Abstract
A field experiment entitled “Nutrient management in Rabi Sunflower
(Helianthus annuus. L) in relation to different tillage practices imposed during
Kharif” was conducted at Research farm, RARS, Bijapur on a clayey soil with
strongly alkaline in reaction, low in organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus &
medium in potassium during rabi season of 2011 with an objective to study the effect
of different tillage practices and nitrogen sources on sunflower growth, yield and
economics. The treatments consist of three tillage practices (Conventional tillage
(T1), Reduced tillage (T2) and Minimum tillage (T3) as main plots and five nutrient
management practices (N1- In-situ Sunnhemp green manure incorporation @ 5 t ha -1 ,
N2- In- situ Sunnhemp green manure incorporation @ 2.5 t ha -1 + 50% RDN
through urea, N3-100% RDF through fertilizer(35:50:35 N: P2O5: K2O kg ha -1) , N4-
Farmer’s practice (24:30:0 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha -1) and N5- Farmer’s practice + In situ
Sunnhemp green manure incorporation @ 2.5 t ha -1) as sub plots. The experiment
was laid out in split plot design and replicated thrice.
The results of the experiment revealed that tillage practices had no significant
effect on growth and yield of sunflower crop. Interaction effect due to tillage and
nutrient management was also non significant except for dry matter at 20DAS.
Among the three tillage practices, dry matter production only during the
initial stages was significantly higher with reduced tillage (T2) over conventional
(T1) and minimum tillage (T3).
The yield attributes viz., number of seeds per head and seed weight per head
was significantly higher with minimum tillage (T3) while tillage practices did not
have significant influence on rest of the yield attributes, seed yield and stalk yield.
Sunflower fertilized with 100% RDF through fertilizer (N3) recorded
significantly higher germination percentage, plant height, number of leaves, LAI and
dry matter production over rest of the treatments while being on par with N2(In- situ
Sunnhemp green manure incorporation @ 2.5 t ha -1 + 50% RDN through fertilizer)
in most of the parameters mentioned above.
Head diameter was significantly higher with 100% RDF through fertilizer
(N3) but on par with N2 and N1 and number of seeds per head was higher with 100%
RDF through fertilizer (N3), but on par with N2. While test weight was higher with
100% RDF through fertilizer (N3) but on par with N1(In -situ Sunnhemp green
manure incorporation @ 5 t biomass ha -1) and N2(In- situ Sunnhemp green manure
incorporation @ 2.5 t ha -1 + 50% RDF through fertilizer). Seed and stalk yield of
sunflower were significantly higher with 100% RDF through fertilizer (N3) over N4-
Farmers’ practice (24:30:0 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha -1) but was on par with rest of the
treatments. NPK content in plant and NPK uptake by sunflower were higher with
100% RDF through fertilizer (N3). Maximum gross returns (38061Rs ha-1), net
returns (28729Rs ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (3.08) were recorded with minimum
tillage along with 100% RDF through fertilizer (T3N3). Interaction effect on growth
and yield attributes was not significant.
From the present investigation, it is inferred that sunflower cultivation is
successful with minimum tillage of one harrowing followed by one herbicide
(Pendimethalin @ 1 kg a.i ha -1) spray after sowing with 100% RDF through
fertilizer during rabi season in northern dry zone of Karnataka (Bijapur). A few more
years of field testing is however necessary before making it a general
recommendation for similar agro-climatic conditions of Bijapur.
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Keywords
tillage, nutrients, sowing, diseases, nutrient management, organic fertilizers, fertilizers, yields, developmental stages, nitrogen