Effect of dietary supplementation of nano-chromium and phytase enzyme on performance of chicken
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Date
2021-08
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
Present study was carried out to perceive the effects of dietary supplementation of nano-chromium and phytase enzyme on performance of chicken. In experiment-I, 240, day-old broiler chicken were procured and randomly allocated into eight different treatment groups with three replicates in each. The control group (T0) was fed with standard basal diet as per BIS (2007). Treatment groups T1, T2 and T3 were fed with 400, 800 and 1600ppb levels of nano-chromium, respectively, wherein, T4 and T5, T6 and T7 groups were supplemented with 250FTU phytase alone (T4) and along with 400, 800 and 1600ppb of nano-chromium, respectively for a period of six weeks. In trial-II, 180, twenty eight weeks old layer chickens were selected and randomly distributed in to ten treatment groups with 3 replicates in each. The control group (T0) was fed with standard basal diet wherein, groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 were fed with 200, 400, 800 and 1600ppb levels of nano-chromium, respectively, while, T5, T6, T7, T8 and T9 groups were fed with 250FTU phytase alone and along with 200, 400, 800 and 1600ppb of nano-chromium, respectively for a period of 12 weeks. Best performance in terms of body weight, weight gain and feed intake in broiler chicken was observed in 800ppb nano-chromium along with 250FTU phytase added group. Similarly, supplementation of nano-Cr alone or along with phytase, significantly (P≤0.05) increased nutrient utilization, thymus weight, protein content in meat, Hb, serum TP, globulin, Ca and P concentration, lymphocyte proportion, HDL concentration, SOD and GSH-Px concentration, Cr and Zn concentration in serum and meat while significant (P≤0.05) reduction in abdominal fat percentage in broiler chicken, EE content and TC concentration in breast and thigh muscles, heterophil and H/L ratio, serum biochemical indices viz., glucose, AST and serum lipid profile, MDA level in meat muscles was observed.Immune status, SOD and GSH-Px levels in tissues were significantly (P≤0.05) increased while serum LPO level was significantly declined (P≤0.05) in T2 and T3 groups due to nano-Cr inclusion to broiler chicken diets. The economics of broiler chicken production in terms of net profit/ kg BW was significantly (P≤0.05) improved in T1 (400ppb nano-Cr) group. With increased levels of nano-Cr in diet, feed cost was significantly increased. The highest egg production and feed intake were recorded in 1600ppb nanao-Cr supplemented with 250FTU phytase group of layer chicken. Feed conversion ratio per dozen and per kg eggs, haugh unit, nutrient retention, egg protein, haematological parameters i.e. Hb, MCH and lymphocyte proportion, TP, globulin, HDL level, SOD concentration and Zn content in egg shell were significantly (P≤0.05) improved while EE and TC content in egg, heterophil, H/L ratio, serum glucose, lipid profile and serum LPO level in layer chicken were significantly (P≤0.05) reduced by inclusion of nano-Cr alone or along with phytase. Chromium contents in egg shell and GSH-Px level were significantly (P≤0.05) increased due to nano-Cr inclusion in feed. Lowest feed cost/egg produced was recorded with inclusion of 800ppb nano-Cr while increased (P≤0.05) feed cost/egg with increasing levels of nano-Cr with 250FTU phytase. Hence, it can be concluded that dietary supplementation of nano-Cr at the rate of 1600ppb in diet of broiler and layer chicken may be recommended as it improved production performance, nutrient utilization, immune status, mineral contents in serum, meat, egg and lowered fat and lipid profile in serum, meat and eggs which may have an implication for producing designer meat and
eggs in broiler and layer chicken.