Morpho-physiological characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under normal and late sowing conditions
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
A study was conducted on ―Morpho-physiological characterization of wheat (Triticum
a estivum L.) under normal and late sowing conditions‖ by applying 26 morphological
qualitative and quantitative traits to characterize the 30 wheat genotypes. The qualitative traits
like coleoptile colour, plant growth habit, auricle colour, flag leaf attitude, outer glume
pubescence, shoulder width and shape were found to be most important diagnostic characters
for genotype identification of wheat. There was no change in their state of expression with
respect to change in the sowing time. The waxiness of ear, sheath, blade and peduncle were
the supportive traits used for genotype identification. The phenol test was resulted in clear cut
categorize genotypes into different groups on seed basis. The ranking of phenol test was
found stable in seeds produced under both dates of sowing. The quantitative traits decreased
significantly under late sown conditions as compare to normal sown condition. The clustering
analysis was done on the basis of their traits which classified 30 wheat genotypes into nine
distinct clusters under normal and late sown conditions. The schematic diagrams were made
on the basis of morpho-physiological traits. The identification keys were developed to
identify all the genotypes under study. Some genotypes had specific character through which
they can be identified easily viz. WH 1322 have coleoptile colouration, WH 1025 have
prostrate plant growth habit, C 306 have pale green foliage colouration, WH 1221 have very
strong flag leaf waxiness on blade, PBW 550 have glume pubescence, WH 711 have lower
glume: shoulder width and elevated shaller shape. The seed physiological traits resulted that
the bold and vigorous seeds of all wheat genotypes with higher yield can be produced under
normal sown conditions.
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