STUDIES ON FRUIT ROT OF POMEGRANATE CAUSED BY Colletotrichum gloeosporioides AND ITS MANAGEMENT
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Date
2012
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Pomegranate fruit rot is an important disease which affect fruits in Himachal Pradesh. The fruit
rot occurred in moderate form in all pomegranate growing areas of Himachal Pradesh in 2010. The
severity of fruit rot was more in Kullu district followed by Solan and Mandi districts. During Surveys, the
disease was found to appear on fruits only. The disease started from stem end portion. Initially, a sunken
dark black spot formed, which enlarges in size under humid conditions. The identity of fungus was
confirmed as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. Ten days old culture on potato
dextrose agar was white to dull white with smooth margins. After 9-10 days, pinkish ooze could be seen
in the culture. Conidia were single celled measuring 10-20μm long and 4.8-6.7μm wide and were
produced in acervulus having sterile setae. Acervuli were circular, measured 126-281.4μm. Oval or
circular water soaked spots were observed after seven days of inoculation. The disease appeared in the
first week of June after having rains and attained the maximum level in the month of August. The
multiple correlation coefficient between fruit rot severity and group of independent variables were found
to be 0.7513, which indicate that 75.82 per cent fruit rot severity was caused by weather parameters.
Among eight cultivars, Achikdana and Sindhuri were found to be moderately resistant. Among systemic
fungicides, Score provided best inhibition of 99.9% followed by Contaf 99.8% and were statistically at
par with each other under laboratory conditions. Among combi-products and non-systemic fungicides,
Companion provided best inhibition of 86.72% followed by Captan 80.17% under laboratory conditions.
The fungicides which were effective under in vitro conditions also controlled fruit rot of pomegranate
under field conditions. The best control of disease among systemic fungicides was provided by Score
89.42% followed by Contaf 88.16% and Tilt 77.62% under field conditions. Among combi-products and
non-systemic fungicides, Companion was most efficacious in providing 80.53% disease control followed
by Quintal 73.77% and Captan 73.02%.