Production and utilization of non-toxic biologically active fungal pigment
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Date
2019-01
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Since prehistoric times mankind use colors to make the things more attractive whether it is for decoration or in food. But after industrialization of synthetic dyes, many countries, including India are facing a serious problem in ground. Besides this consumption of synthetic dyes also present many side effects to human health, animals and environments. These dyes are challenging for bioremediation using by microorganisms therefore results in environmental pollution. Considering all these issues industries must replace synthetic colors with natural colors, but the major problem tackling dye industries using natural colors is: stability of natural color at high temperature, pH, high production cost and seasonal. To deal with this problem the present study was under taken to screen different fungi for production of red colour pigments. Fungal cultures were isolated from different waste materials by serial dilution and spread plating method. The culture isolate produces diffusible red pigment in the medium were selected for further studies. The selected fungal isolated was identified as Talaromyces purpureogenus F. The pigment characterization shows the presence of red and yellow polyketides and azaphilone pigments. The growth of the fungus and pigment production were optimized by submerged fermentation. The pigment yield of 24 ± 0.16 AU/ml at 510 nm and 20.59 ± 0.48 AU/ml at 410 nm was achieved after optimization of fermentation conditions. At 100 °C the red and yellow pigment was found more stable in acidic conditions (Half-life 161.19 ± 1.93 min and 169.06 ± 2.98 min). The red and yellow pigment was more stable in dried form of pigment than liquid form. The antioxidant properties, total phenolic content and total protein of extracellular and intracellular pigment was stable in all storage conditions. The extracted pigment does not show any toxic effect on microalgae Parachlorella kessleri GB1.
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