Effect of Salinity and pH on the Growth and Haematology of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage, 1878)
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Date
2020-12
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the growth and
haematology of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus exposing to various salinities of
0 (Control), 4, 9 and 14 ppt and pH of 6, 7.5 (Control), 9 and 9.5. The experiment
was carried out in two components i.e., salinity and pH for a period of 30 days
each and 10 Nos. of randomly selected fish were stocked in every experimental
tank. The physico-chemical parameters were estimated everyday; whereas,
growth and haematological parameters were estimated weekly.
In first component, effect of different levels of salinity (0 (C), 4, 9 and 14
ppt) on survival, growth and haematology were studied. The results indicated that
P. hypophthalmus could tolerate salinities up to 14 ppt with 100% survival rate
throughout the experimental period. However, the growth in terms of length and
weight, Specific Growth Rate (SGR) and Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) decreased
with increase in salinity from 0 ppt to 14 ppt owing to utilization of high energy
Author : RAMADASU SRINIVASULU SRAVANI
Title of the thesis : “Effect of Salinity and pH on the Growth and
Haematology of Pangasianodon hypophthalmus
(Sauvage, 1878)”
Submitted for the
Award of degree
: Master of Fisheries Science in Fisheries Resource
Management
Faculty : Faculty of Fisheries Science
Department : Department of Fisheries Resource Management
Major advisor : Dr. A.BALASUBRAMANIAN
University : Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati
Year of Submission : 2020
which directly affects the growth of fish in unfavourable environments. In contrary,
Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) raised with increase in salinity and low feed intake
was noticed in 14 ppt. Similarly, haematological parameters viz.,Total Erythrocyte
Count (TEC), Haemoglobin (Hb) and Haematocrit (Ht) were low in 14 ppt when
compared with other salinities of 9 ppt and 4 ppt but Total Leukocyte Count (TLC)
was found high in 14 ppt which indicated that the experimental fish were in high
stress condition. Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) and Mean Corpuscular
Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) were also varied with changes in the Hb and
Ht. After observing the significant (p < 0.05) elevation in haematological
parameters of the fish studied in higher salinities, it is concluded that the salinity of
9 ppt is optimum for good growth in P. hypophthalmus.
Prior to the actual experiment on effect of pH, lethal studies (LC50) were
conducted which resulted in 100% survival of the juveniles up to pH of 9.5.
Therefore, the pH levels of 6, 9 and 9.5 were opted with pH 7.5 as control. The
experimental results showed decreasing trend in length and weight, SGR and
PER from pH 6 to 9.5 compared with control (7.5). However, FCR values were
found peak at pH 9.5 followed by 9 and 6 when compared with control. The
alterations in growth parameters were due to low feed intake, loss of energy and
stress. The mean values of haematological parameters like TEC, Hb, Ht and
MCHC showed decreasing trend from pH 6 to 9.5 when compared to control. But
TLC values were found maximum at pH 9.5 followed by 9, 6 and 7.5 (C), whereas,
the MCV values were found high at pH 9 and least at pH 9.5. Changes in
haematological parameters significantly (p<0.05) varied between different pH. The
changes in the haematological parameters were due to immunological response,
failure of the erythropoeisis and haemopoietic potential.
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