INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF PHYTOPHTHORA FOOT ROT OF BLACK PEPPER THROUGH VA MYCORRHIZA AND HOST PLANT RESISTANCE
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Date
2000
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
The black pepper vines of both cultivated and vines in the forest areas are invariably associated with the native isolates of VA mycorrhiza viz., Glomus fasciculatum and Acaulospora sp. The native isolates VA mycorrhiza were effective in combating the Phytophthora foot rot of black pepper alone and its effects is synergestic when integrated with either Trichoderma viride or potassium phosphonate (Akomin, @ 0.3 per cent). The cuttings of black pepper viz., Vokkalu , Mottakare, Thirupukare showed least incidence of disease when the cuttings were preinoculated with native isolates of VA mycorrhiza then challenged with Phytophthora capsici. Vokkalu type 1 and 2, Uddakare accession 1 and 2, Thimpukare, Balankotta - II, Neelamundi-ll, Narayakodi-IV and Kudargutta showed tolerance to P. capsici at lower inoculum potential i.e., 25 zoospores/vine. The explant initiated the callus in presence of 0.5 mg I-1 BA in combination with either 1.0 mg I-1 2,4-D or 2.0 mg I-1 NAA or IBA or lAA whereas, the callus could be easily maintained in half strength MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg I-1 2,4-D. Callus of cultivars viz., Vokkalu type-1 and 2 are having slight tolerance at one per cent toxic metabolites of Phytophthora capsici The shoot tip explant of Uddakare and Thimpukare produced multiple shoots in half strength MS medium with 2.0 mg 1 BA and 0.01 mg I-1 NAA. NAA (1.0 mg 1-1) and IBA (1.0 mg I-1) were found effective in rooting of the shoot. Micro propagated plantlets of black pepper were hardened by planting in 1:1 sand and coir pith in humid chamber for 30 days.
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No. of Reference 114