Studies on physiological changes induced by cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) in wheat (Triticum aestivum)
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Date
2017
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Present study was conducted to investigate the the sequential effect of Heterodera avenae on physiology of
wheat, the effect of sowing time on physiology of H.avenae infected wheat and the effect of different
inoculum levels of H.avenae on physiology of wheat. The experiments were conducted in screenhouse of
Department of Nematology, CCSHAU, Hisar during Rabi-2016. For evaluating the sequential effect of
H.avenae on wheat cultivar WH 1105 was sown on 7th Nov. and observations on physiological parameters
were recorded 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing (DAS). Total chlorophyll, carotenoid and chlorophyll
fluorescence were significantly lower in inoculated plants as compared to uninoculated plants at 90 DAS.
They were reduced to the tune of 37.78%, 36.73% and 10.46%, respectively. Total chlorophyll, carotenoid
and chlorophyll fluorescence increased till 60 DAS and decreased at 90 DAS. Photosynthetic rate,
transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased with the increase in age of plant. Inoculated plants
when compared with uninoculated plants showed significant decrease at 60 DAS by 38.17, 47.39 and
42.85%, respectively. For comparing the physiology of H.avenae infected wheat sown on 1st, 15th and 30th
Nov., observation were taken 30 DAS. Total chlorophyll (25.00%), carotenoid (28.94%), chlorophyll
fluorescence (6.27%), photosynthetic rate (57.33%) and stomatal conductance (62.50%) showed maximum
reduction in inoculated plants of 15th Nov. sowing when compared with uninoculated plants while
transpiration rate decreased significantly (56.19%) in inoculated plants of 30th Nov. sowing. Inoculated
plants showed significant reduction in these parameters when compared with uninoculated plants at all the
three sowing dates. Biomass of 15th Nov. sown plants was greatly hampered by nematode parasitism as
compared to plants sown on 1st and 30th Nov. Maximum nematode population was obtained in 15th Nov.
sown plants. Effect of different inoculum levels viz. 5, 10 and 15 eggs and juveniles/g soil of H.avenae on
physiology of wheat was studied by recording observations 30 DAS. With the increase in inoculum level of
H.avenae, there was significant decrease in total chlorophyll, carotenoid, chlorophyll fluorescence,
photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance at each level. Maximum reduction in these
parameters was observed at 15 eggs and juveniles/g soil that was 39.71, 30.55, 7.90, 39.75, 51.58 and
64.86% respectively. Maximum nematode population build up and least biomass were obtained at highest
inoculum level.
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