HOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF Meloidogyne incognita IN TURMERIC

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dc.contributor.advisorSwain, P.K.
dc.contributor.authorMohanty, Swatilekha
dc.date.accessioned2016-12-21T14:34:15Z
dc.date.available2016-12-21T14:34:15Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractTurmeric an important spice of India is very often subjected to the invasion of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita resulting in loss of production and productivity. In the present study, there was a progressive decrease in plant growth parameters of turmeric and increase in nematode parameters with increase in the initial inoculums density under both ambient and enhanced CO2 condition. The damaging threshold level was estimated to be 100 J2/kg soil of M. incognita irrespective of seasons and environmental conditions. Increase in various physiological and biochemical parameters viz; rate of photosynthesis, carbohydrate, relative water content, proline and curcumin as well as decrease in N-R activity, chlorophyll index, leaf water potential, dark respiration and relative water deficit were observed under enhanced CO2 condition irrespective of the inoculums level of M. incognita. There was a progressive decrease in all the physiological and biochemical parameters except relative water deficit with increased initial inoculums density and the threshold level was estimated to be 1000 J2/kg soil. The second stage juveniles of M. incognita induced 4-7 discrete multi nucleated giant cells in the xylem parenchymatous cells at multiple sites with dense cytoplasm, enlarged nuclei, nucleoli and wall ingrowths along with cortical hypertrophy and the pericycle hyperplasia to form typical root galls. The life cycle (J2 - J2) of M. incognita on turmeric (cv. Lakadong) was completed in 30 days with ambient temperature range of 25-35˚C. The extent of mean avoidable loss in rhizome yield of turmeric by M. incognita irrespective of seasons was 22 per cent. Out of several turmeric cultivars screened through in vitro, in vivo and marker assisted selection, „Dugirala‟, „PTS 31‟, „Ansitapani‟, „PTS 42‟, „PTS 47‟, „361 Gorakhpur‟, „328 Sugandham‟ and „PTS 21‟ were resistant to M. incognita and cultivars viz; „Erode local‟, „PTS 53‟, „Sudarsan‟, „CLS 33‟, „Phulbani wild‟, „PTS 17‟, „328 Sugandham‟, „PTS 47‟ and „Kasturi manjari‟ were resistant to T. maculans. However, the resistance of „Dugirala‟, „PTS 47‟ and „328 Sugandham‟ to both M. incognita and Taphrina maculans was confirmed by using ISSR markers. Soil solarization alone or in combination increased soil temperature, plant growth, yield and reduced the nematode population. Crustacean exoskeleton significantly increased population build up of actinomycetes lethal to nematodes. Among all the single and combined management modules, T11 (carbofuran @ 0.75 kg a.i/ha + Bacillus subtilis @ 5 lit/ha) was the best cost effective eco-friendly INM module with a B : C ratio of 2.8 : 1.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/91861
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subNematologyen_US
dc.these.typePh.D
dc.titleHOST-PARASITE RELATIONSHIP AND MANAGEMENT OF Meloidogyne incognita IN TURMERICen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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