CLINICAL, HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN VAGINAL HYPERPLASIA IN DOGS
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Date
2019-08-16
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR
Abstract
The study was undertaken with the objectives of the objectives of clinico gynaecological examination, haematological studies, exfoliative vaginal cytology,
ultrasonographic assessment of ovarian status, histopathological studies and
immunohistochemical localisation of oestrogen receptor-α in normal oestrus dogs
(Group I) and in dogs affected with vaginal hyperplasia (Group II). The overall
occurrence of vaginal hyperplasia was found to be 1.02 per cent. Occurrence was
more in Labrador retriever breed (48.94%), in dogs of one to two years age group
(43.62%), nulliparous dogs (61.70%) and was observed during proestrus (35.11%)
and oestrus (60.64%) stages of ovarian cycle in intact dogs. Presence of varying
degrees of vaginal mass (86.17%), followed by vaginal discharge (25.53%) were
major symptoms reported. Physiological parameters like rectal temperature, heart
rate, respiratory rate and colour of mucous membranes of these dogs were within
reference ranges. Clinical examination of prolapsed vaginal tissue of hyperplastic
dogs revealed 83.33 per cent as Type II and 16.67 per cent as Type III vaginal
hyperplasia with 50 per cent dry and pale prolapsed vaginal tissue. The mean
anuclear cell index in group I and II dogs were 63.17±6.11 and 63.33±6.24,
respectively. Mean recorded follicular diameter (mm) of left and right ovaries
were 3.90±0.40 and 4.60±0.50 among Group I dogs, whereas in Group II it was
found to be 4.70±0.50 and 4.20±0.20, respectively. Mean recorded follicular
number of left and right ovaries are 3.67±0.49 and 3.50±0.42 among Group I
dogs, whereas in Group II it was found to be 2.68±0.55 and 3.66±0.55 and they
differed non-significantly between the groups. There was no ovarian
abnormalities could be observed in Group I and Group II dogs during presented
day of examination. The oestradiol levels in Group I and II were 74.11±10.52 and
82.95±11.56 pg/mL, respectively and they differed non-significantly. On
histopathological analysis, oestrogenic response of the vaginal epithelium was
found to be more evident in Group II than Group I dogs. The mean thickness of
stratum germinativum, stratum granulosum and stratum corneum of Group I dogs
were measured as 31.42±2.73, 13.93±0.73 and 32.86±6.32µm, respectively. The
respective values for Group II dogs were obtained as 27.11±1.45, 13.69±1.03 and
29.77±4.10µm and no significant difference was observed between groups. The
proportional score of ER-α in the vaginal epithelium was found to be significantly
high (p<0.05) in Group II (3.00±0.25) than Group I dogs (1.66±0.21) and that in
the stroma was found to be same (2.50 ± 0.22) in both groups. It was concluded
that ER-α expression was more in vaginal epithelium of vaginal hyperplasia
affected dogs.
Description
Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Veterinary and Animal Sciences in Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics)