Bionomics and Management of Predominant Species of Aphid in Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)
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Date
2022-08-17
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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Abstract
The study was carried out on “Bionomics and Management of Predominant Species of Aphid in Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)” at Research Farm and Entomology Laboratory, ARS, Mandor, Jodhpur, Agriculture University, Jodhpur during the year 2021-22. Aphis gossypii Glover was Predominant Species of Aphid and its incidence started from first week of January (1st SMW) and continued till second week of March (10th SMW) having peak during second week of February (6th SMW) in cumin crop. Likewise, highest population of coccinellids was observed during second week of February (6th SMW) and showed highly significant positive correlation with aphid population. The aphid, A. gossypii nymphs were moulted four times before attaining the adult stage. The mean body length, width, antennal length and cornicle length of first, second, third and fourth instar nymphs were 0.50 ± 0.04, 0.28 ± 0.03, 0.28 ± 0.02 and 0.036 ± 0.01 mm; 0.90 ± 0.04, 0.38 ± 0.04, 0.40 ± 0.03 and 0.065 ± 0.01 mm; 1.11 ± 0.05, 0.49 ± 0.04, 0.54 ± 0.03 and 0.095 ± 0.01 mm and 1.31 ± 0.06, 0.65 ± 0.05, 0.64 ± 0.04 and 0.175 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. The mean body length, width, antennal length and cornicle length of adult aphid were 1.68 ± 0.06, 0.71 ± 1.53, 0.88 ± 0.02 and 0.266 ± 0.01 mm, respectively. The mean duration period of first, second, third and fourth instar nymphs were 1.30 ± 0.42, 2.05 ± 0.62, 2.40 ± 0.52 and 1.45 ± 0.45 days, respectively. The total nymphal duration was 7.75 ± 1.61 days. The mean longevity of adult aphid was 9.65 ± 1.75 days with an entire life span of 17.75 ± 2.91 days. The pre-reproductive, reproductive and post-reproductive periods were 1.35 ± 0.56, 7.20 ± 1.47 and 1.75 ± 0.71 days, respectively. The fecundity of the adult female was 24.45 ± 6.21 nymphs per female and the intrinsic rate of single female per day was an average of 4.80 ± 2.01 nymphs/day.
Out of nine insecticides tested, flonicamid 50 WG (0.07 aphids/umbel) was followed by sulfoxaflor 22.9 EC (0.40 aphids/umbel) and cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD (0.67 aphids/umbel) found most effective against aphid, A. gossypii in cumin. Azadirachtin 10,000 ppm (3.27 aphids/umbel) was found least effective against aphid, A. gossypii in cumin. The maximum net return (Rs. 23,230 per ha) was computed in the treatment of flonicamid 50 WG followed by sulfoxaflor 22.9 EC (Rs. 15,450 per ha). The highest benefit cost ratio (B:C ratio) was recorded in plots treated with flonicamid 50 WG (1.52:1) followed by sulfoxaflor 22.9 EC (1.34:1).
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Dadhich, Sarita 2022. Bionomics and Management of Predominant Species of Aphid in Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). M.Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Jodhpur