STUDIES ON PHYLLODY DISEASE OF SESAMUM (Sesamum indicum L.) AND MANAGEMENT
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Date
2016-07-26
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Phyllody caused by phloem limiting phytoplasma is a very serious disease in most
sesamum growing areas of Southern Karnataka. Sesamum phyllody is gaining
importance in recent years because it causes an yield loss of upto 100 per cent. During
survey phyllody infected plants showed excessive stunting, severe reduction in leaf size,
reduced internodal length, excessive axillary proliferation and floral malformation like
abnormal green structures in place of normal flowers. The incidence of sesamum
phyllody ranged from 13.6 to 31.21 per cent during survey in sesamum growing areas of
Southern Karnataka. The disease incidence was lowest in Ramanagar district with
incidence of 13.6 per cent. Hassan district recorded the highest incidence of 31.21 per
cent. Three genotypes showed resistant reaction, 27 genotypes showed moderately
resistant reaction and 13 genotypes showed susceptible reaction against the phyllody
disease under field conditions. Management of sesamum phyllody through two dates of
sowing and vector (leafhopper) control revealed that lowest disease incidence (22.90 per
cent) was observed in late sown crop compared to early sown crop (25.43 per cent). Seed
yield was maximum (266.24 kg/ha) in late sown crop compared to early sown crop
(249.15 kg/ha). Of the different treatment combinations, late sowing with seed treatment
with imidacloprid 70 WS @ 5 g/kg + spray of acetamiprid 20 % SP @ 0.3 g/L and late
sowing with seed treatment with imidacloprid 70 WS @ 5 g/kg + spray of
imidacloprid17.8 % SL @ 0.5 ml/L at 20 days interval significantly reduced the disease
incidence (18.51 and 19.78 per cent) and increased seed yield of 315.77 and 303.61 kg/ha
respectively.
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