INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION IN SOYBEAN BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS
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Date
1999
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted Main Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1993-96 on integrated nutrient management for sustainable production in soybean-based production systems. The investigations comprised of use of crop residues (OR), cellulose degrading organism Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC),
vermicompost (V), vermiculture(VC) and FYM m combination with inorganic fertilizers in soybean + cotton and soybean-safflower cropping systems.
The data over a period of 3 years revealed that the influence of crop residues in the first year was not appreciative. While, itsefficacy on crop growth was manifested
conspicuously in the second year and reached a level of significance during third year. Incorporation of crop residues regardless of treatment had adverse effects on safflower performance when averaged over two years.
Application of RDF + FYM recorded 17 and 11.7 percent higher yield of soybean and cotton kapas respectively over RDF alone with pooled analysis. Continuous application of FYM
facilitated the reduction of fertilizer levels with on par productivity of the crop. Similarly, vermicompost with RDF and 50% RDF had a significantly appreciative influence on crop yields over their individual application.
The economics of various cropping systems indicated that net returns were significantly higher (Rs. 30,950/ha) with
intercropping of soybean + cotton over sequence cropping of soybean - safflower (Rs.25,502/ha). Incorporation of crop residues with and without PC recorded significantly higher net returns (Rs.29,710 and Rs.29,220/ha respectively) as compared no residue (Rs.25,750/ha). Among the manurial treatments, RDF + FYM and 50% RDF + FYM recorded significantly higher net returns (R3.33,430 and Rs.31,970/ha respectively) over rest of the manurial treatments and RDF.
The combined application of crop residue, manures and their interactions exhibited significant improvement on organic carbon, available soil N, P and K and as well soil microflora. Similarly, physical properties of the soil such as aggregate stability and infiltration were also improved with integrated nutrient management practices.
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