Assessment of genetic diversity in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)
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Date
2021-10
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Fennel is a member of the Apiaceae family and is one of the most traditional and major seed spices in India. The present investigation entitled “Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)” was carried out at Vegetable Research Center of GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand in the Rabi season of 2020-21. The objective of the study is to identify the high yielding genotypes and some of the genotypes to serve as donor for the improvement of yield and other characters. Fifteen genotypes including one check were evaluated in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Observation were recorded during the experiment for twenty six characters out of which fifteen for growth and yield traits were days to germination, days to fifty percent flowering, length of first internode, plant height up-to the main umbel, plant height up-to the top of plant, size of leaf sheath at base, number of primary branches per plant, angle of leaf sheath at base, angle of first primary branch, diameter of main umbel, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellets per umbel on main umbel, number of effective branches per plant, number of fruits per umbellet on main umbel and seed yield per plot.. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all the characters studied. High PCV recorded for length of first internode, size of leaf sheath at base, number of umbels per plant and number of fruits per umbellate on main umbel. High GCV recorded for length of first internode and number of fruits per umbellate on main umbel. High heritability was recorded for angle of leaf sheath at base, angle of first primary branch, number of fruits per umbellate on main umbel,
number of umbels per plant, plant height up-to the top of plant, plant height up-to main umbel, number of umbellets per umbel, number of effective branches per plant, length of first internode, days to fifty percent flowering, diameter of main umbel, seed yield per plot and number of primary branches per plant. High genetic advance as percent over mean was recorded for length of first internode, number of fruits per umbellate on main umbel, angle of first primary branch, number of umbels per plant, angle of leaf sheath at base, size of leaf sheath at base, number of umbellets per umbel on main umbel, number of effective branches per plant, number of primary branches per plant, plant height up-to main umbel and diameter of main umbel. Seed yield per plot showed highly significant and positive correlation with primary branches per plant, angle of leaf sheath, diameter of main umbel, umbels per plant, umbellets per umbel effective branches per plant and fruits per umbellets. The higher magnitude of positive direct effect on yield per plot was observed for length of first internode followed by number of primary branches per plant, number of days to germination, plant height up-to top, angle of leaf sheath at base, angle of first primary branch and diameter of main umbel. Clustering through D² analysis showed maximum intra cluster distance in cluster 3. Maximum cluster difference between cluster 2 and cluster 3 indicating that the genotypes in these clusters can be used as donor parents in breeding programme.