ESTROGEN RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISM IN VECHUR AND CROSSBRED CATTLE OF KERALA
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Date
2011
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COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR
Abstract
Estrogen receptor gene and pituitary specific transcription factor 1 gene
was studied as candidates for genetic markers of milk production traits. The study
was aimed to reveal the known variants at ESR/TspRI and PIT/HinfI locus in
Vechur and crossbred cattle of Kerala and to analyze their association with milk
production. The analysis of ESR/TspRI polymorphism revealed existence of three
digestion patterns (CC, CA and AA) in Vechur and crossbred cattle. The A/C
allele frequencies were 0.43/0.57 and 0.53/0.47, respectively in Vechur and
crossbred cattle. The genotypes of ESR/TspRI polymorphism were distributed
according to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with frequencies 0.33(CC), 0.47 (AC)
and 0.20 (AA) in Vechur and 0.24 (CC), 0.46 (AC) and 0.30 (AA) in crossbred
cattle under study. PCR-RFLP analysis of 451 bp fragment of PIT-1 gene revealed
the predominance of BB genotype and B allele with a mean frequency of 0.57 and
0.75, respectively. AB genotype was the next most frequent with a mean
frequency of 0.39. Only six individuals out of the 130 screened were observed to
have AA genotype. Allele frequency at PIT/HinfI was the same in Vechur and its
crossbred with Bos Taurus. Association studies revealed the significant influence
of PIT/HinfI polymorphism on milk production traits. The A allele bearing Vechur
and crossbred cattle showed an increase in 305 day milk yield and average daily
milk yield. Lactation length in Vechur was significantly high for AA and AB
genotype. ESR/TspRI showed no significant difference in milk yield. The
selection of Vechur and crossbred cattle for A allele of PIT/HinfI polymorphism
can significantly improve milk yield. This study validates the utility of PCR-RFLP
as efficient means of exploring the distribution pattern of known variants at
important candidate genes in the cattle population of Kerala for future breeding
plans.
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