Cultivar identification in Soybean
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Date
2005
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation comprised of 15 soybean cultivars. To
substantiate results seed characters and biochemical test were studied in laboratory
and plant morphological characters observed in the field. In seed characteristics
hilum colour was most important for identification of off type plants. Among plant
morphological characters hypocotyl colour, flower colour, pubescence colour and
density were important qualitative traits in soybean cultivar identification and were
highly stable and heritable. Growth habit, day to maturity, pod shape, seed shape, seed size, seed coat colour, stem termination type and pod colour too may be
specific in expression and therefore, serve in identification of cultivars.
Among biochemical characters peroxidase test was most important
and not coincide with any other characters and not affected by the storability and
quality of seed. The protein-banding pattern clearly differentiates the cultivars into
different groups. In gradient gel more number of bands could identified than the
single percentage gel.
Studying the both morphological and biochemical characters either
of the alone characters can’t differentiate the cultivars into clear-cut groups. Thus a
combination of both morphological and biochemical characters are most important
in identification of cultivars. By these characters an identification key could be
developed for easy identification at any stage of seed multiplication. A minimum
of three crop observations at seedling, flowering and maturity stages were critical
for characterization of soybean cultivars on morphological characters.