Morphological and molecular characterization of genetic diversity in mango germplasm
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Date
2024-02-03
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College of Horticulture and Forestry Dr YSP UHF, Neri, Hamirpur(H.P.)
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Morphological and molecular characterization of genetic diversity in mango germplasm” was carried out at College of Horticulture and Forestry Neri, Hamirpur (HP) during 2022 to 2023. Significant diversity was noted among various mango cultivars in terms of several quantitative traits. High heretibility was observed in leaf length, fruit length, pulp weight, peel weight, peel thickness, stonelength, stone width, stone weight, TSS, acidity, reducing sugar, non reducing sugar, ascorbic acid and total carotenoids. Pulp weight was recorded to have highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation. Genetic gain was recorded to be highest in pulp weight, total carotenoids and fruit weight at ripening. Genetic and phenotypic correlation studies showed that fruit weight had positive and significant correlation with pulp weight, peel weight, seed weight, seed width, seed length, ascorbic acid, fruit weight, fruit length, TSS, total sugar and non-reducing sugar. Fruit weight had negative and significant correlation with peel thickness and petiole length. The path coefficient analysis has shown that the fruit weight had maximum positive direct effect on pulp weight followed by non-reducing sugar and maximum negative direct effect on total sugars followed by seed length. Genetic diversity among the nine mango cultivars was estimated by 20 SSR markers. A total of 271 bands were amplified in all the nine cultivars and 75.64% polymorphism was obtained. Dendrogram showed two main clusters, Cluster A comprised of two cultivarsb namely Pusa Surya and Chausa while Cluster B comprised of rest of the seven cultivars. Further Cluster B was divided into two subclusters. Subcluster B1 comprised of four cultivars and subcluster B2 comprised of three cultivars. The similarity coefficient in nine cultivars ranged from 0.200 to 0.628. Maximum similarity was found between ‘Pusa Shreshth’ and ‘Pusa Arunima’ and minimum similarity was found between ‘Pusa Surya’ and ‘Pusa Shreshth’.