Soil fertility and nutrient uptake by crops under different agroforestry systems in Haryana
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Date
2020
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CCSHAU,HiSAR
Abstract
The present investigation entitled ―Soil fertility and nutrient uptake by crops under different agroforestry systems in Haryana‖ was conducted At the Research Farm, Department of Forestry, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2018-19. Soil samples from different tree based system (Poplar + wheat, Eucalyptus + barley, Melia + wheat, Shisham + mustard) and sole cropping system (wheat, barley and mustard) were analyzed for different soil properties at 0-15, 15-30, 30-60 and 60-90 cm depth. Yield and nutrient uptake were recorded at maturity. Soil bulk density, pH, EC and DTPA extractable micronutrients were significantly influenced by tree based system, soil depth but soil texture was found non-significant. Poplar + wheat recorded maximum infiltration rate which was at par with Eucalyptus + barley, Melia + wheat and Shisham + mustard, whereas saturated hydraulic conductivity was significantly higher under Eucalyptus + barley based agroforestry system. Poplar + wheat and Shisham + mustard agroforestry system (0.47%) showed higher amount for organic carbon than sole cropping. The available N, P and dissolved organic carbon were maximum under Poplar + wheat system while Melia + wheat recorded highest available K and total N as compared to sole crop treatments. With the incorporation of Poplar and Melia with wheat, organic carbon increased by 30.6 and 27.8%, respectively. Similarly, increment in organic carbon under Eucalyptus + barley and Shisham + mustard system was observed by 35.7 and 42.4%, respectively. The available nitrogen increased under Poplar + wheat, Eucalytpus + barley, Melia + wheat and Shisham + mustard under agroforestry system by 37.3, 40.0, 30.3 and 38.6%, respectively over sole crops. The Poplar + wheat and Melia + wheat significantly increased the soil microbial biomass carbon, urease, dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase activity by 127.7; 101.9, 72.5; 63.4 and 69.8; 55.8, 65.2 and 49.8%, respectively over sole wheat crop. Yield of different crops decreased significantly and under Poplar + wheat and Melia + wheat, both grain and straw yield reduced by 10.6; 13.2% and 17.8; 16.3%, respectively as compared to sole wheat crop. Corresponding values were 5.0; 6.8% and 22.2; 20.0% under Eucalyptus + barley and Shisham + mustard agroforestry system, respectively. The nutrient uptake differed significantly with higher uptake under sole crop treatments. All chemical properties except soil EC and Cu are significantly correlated with each other. The soil pH was found to be negatively correlated with all the chemical properties.
Hence it may be concluded that agroforestry system enhanced soil organic carbon, available macro and micro nutrients, improved the soil physical, chemical and biological properties. In comparison to this, the yield and nutrient uptake was reduced under different agroforestry system as compared to sole crops.