IN VITRO STUDIES IN Cymbidium giganteum WALL. AND Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Bl.: COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT ORCHIDS
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Date
2012-07
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Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur
Abstract
Asymbiotic seed germination was optimized in Cymbidium giganteum Wall. and Rhynchostylis retusa (L.) Bl.. Three different basal media viz., Murashige and Skoog (MS; 1962), Mitra et al. (M; 1974) and Knudson āCā (KC; 1946) were used. The first sign of seed germination was marked by swelling of embryo which increased in size and ruptured the seed coat. At this stage it was termed as spherule, which subsequently developed to form the protocorm and seedling. The percent germination varied in different media. In C. giganteum, it was 95% in M, 78.33% in MS and 75% in KC, whereas it was highest in MS (93.11%) followed by M (80.8%) and KC (72.62%) in R. retusa. The medium showing highest germination percentage was chosen to study the effect of varying concentrations of PGRs. Regeneration potential of different explants was also studied. These explants included protocorms, leaves, roots and seedlings in C. giganteum and protocorms, seedlings and young inflorescence in R. retusa. Protocorm like bodies (PLBs) regenerated in all the explants used except for seedlings in R. retusa, where these turned necrotic after 30 days of culture. Differentiation of PLBs at the base of seedlings in C. giganteum holds tremendous potential as the mother plant is not damaged. Moreover large number of PLBs can be produced by using optimized size of plant and PGRs concentration. In R. retusa, reversal of reproductive buds towards vegetative stage points towards the importance of developmental stage of reproductive buds when these could be diverted towards vegetative route under artificial conditions.
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