HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS USING PETALOID CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILITY IN TROPICAL CARROT (Daucus carota L.)
Loading...
Date
2019
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
JANANI R DIVISION OF VEGETABLE SCIENCE INDIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE NEW DELHI
Abstract
Daucus carota L. is an important vegetable crop, grown commercially for its edible
fleshy roots all around the world. Combining ability analysis and heterosis breeding
strategies are vital for any varietal development programme. The present study
“Heterosis and combining ability analysis using petaloid cytoplasmic male sterility in
tropical carrot (Daucus carota L.)” had been undertaken with the major objective to
study heterosis and combining ability for eleven quantitative and nine biochemical &
quality traits and five mineral nutrients. The material of the study consists of 19
genotypes (4 CMS lines and 15 testers), 60 hybrids and one standard check, Pusa
Vasuda. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference for all the
quantitative, biochemical & quality traits and mineral nutrients. The most promising
inbreds for root yield are DCat-122, DCat-39 and DCat-54. The lines and testers that
recorded highest GCA for root weight per plant and root yield was DCatCMS-7 and
DCat-92, respectively. Highest significant root yield was obtained in the hybrids
DCatH 5392, followed by DCatH 700 and DCatH 9892 with heterosis percentage of
14.29, 13.1 over better parent and 33.33, 31.93 over standard check (Pusa Vasuda),
respectively. The value of heterosis percentage for the hybrid DCatH 5392 was
14.19%, 14.29% and 33.33 % over mid parent, better parent and standard check (Pusa
Vasuda), respectively. Both GCA and SCA effects were highly significant for all the
traits studied. The lines and testers with highly significant GCA were DCatCMS-7
and DCat-92. The variance due to SCA was greater than GCA for all the quantitative
traits except for root maturity, root length and core diameter. For biochemical and
quality traits, the highest yielding hybrids for TSS, fructose, juice recovery, total
sugar were DCatH 792, DCatH 792, DCatH 9854 and DCatH 9192, respectively.
Similarly, for the quality traits like total carotenoids, lycopene, β-carotene, lutein and
total antioxidant activity, the highest performance was found in the hybrids DCatH
5396, DCatH 9834, DCatH 5322, DCatH 5326 and DCatH 7126, respectively. In case
of quality traits like total carotenoids, β-carotene and antioxidant activity, nonadditive gene action plays a major role while additive gene action plays a major role
for traits like lycopene, lutein, TSS, fructose and juice yield. The hybrid with highest
214
iron content was DCatH 9800, DCatH 739 for zinc content and DCatH 739 for copper
content. The hybrids with high potassium and calcium contents were DCatH 9139 and
DCatH 533, respectively. The non-additive gene action was predominant in all the
mineral nutrients studied. In most of the yield contributing traits and quality traits
non-additive (dominance) variance played a major role. The genetic diversity analysis
using SSR markers also provided that there was a sufficient diversity among the
selected lines and testers and their cross combinations were expected to yield heterotic
hybrids. However, correlation studies between morphological and molecular
divergence did not provide significant correlation with heterosis. Thus, from the
results it was evident that heterosis breeding can be effectively used for improvement
of tropical carrot in the studied traits. The efficient hybrids and lines can be further
used in carrot breeding programme.
Keywords : Daucus carota L., Heterosis, DCatH, DCatCMS
Description
T-10223