CLONAL MULTIPLICATION OF BLACK PEPPER (Piper nigrum L.)
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Date
2001-08-03
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK BANGALORE
Abstract
Studies were conducted to develop a protocol for micropropagation of
black pepper {Piper nigrum) through axillary shoot multiplication. Also different
plant propagation structures and season of planting for rooting of cuttings were
evaluated. The studies were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station
(Pepper), Sirsi and laboratories of the College of Forestry Sirsi, University of
Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 1995-99.
Surface disinfection of shoot tip or nodal bud explants with sodium
hypochlorite (2%) for ten minutes was found optimum. The explants collected
during February to May gave better establishment. The young buds from the tip to
the sixth nodal segment gave better establishment of cultures.
MS semisolid medium with half the strength of its inorganic salts
supplemented with BA 2 mgr-1 and 30 gl-1 sucrose was suitable for shoot
establishment as well as shoot multiplication (5.13 buds/culture). The multiplication
rate increased with repeated subculturlng on media of same composition at 15 days
interval. Rooting of in vitro derived shoots was achieved in in vitro as well as
ex vitro conditions. Cent per cent rooting was obtained under in vitro conditions in
medium supplemented with NAA 1 mgl-1 and 30 ql-1 sucrose. Quick dipping the cut
ends of shoots in 1000 ppm ISA enhanced ex vitro rooting up to 68 per cent.
Pre-hardening treatments enhanced establishment of micropropagated
plantlets. A potting mixture containing 1:1 sand + coir pith was superior for
establishment of plantlets. The application of 10 ml of Vi MS or Hoogland nutrient
solution at weekly intervals was beneficial for vigorous growth of transplanted
plantlets.
The propagation of black pepper by conventional means through
cuttings was best in propagation frame or polyhouse during summer (94%).
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