STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PAPER MILL EFFLUENT ON SOIL PROPERTIES, GROWTH AND YIELD OF RICE IN RICE-RICE CROPPING SYSTEM
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Date
2014-10-10
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University of Agricultural Sciences GKVK, Bangalore
Abstract
Field experiments were conducted in the premises of South India
Paper Mill Pvt. Ltd., near Nanjangudu (12° 07' North latitude and 76° 68'
East longitude) during 2013 and 2014 to study the effect of paper mill
effluent (PME) on soil properties, growth and yield of rice with ten
treatments replicated thrice using RCBD design. The changes in
properties of soil due to continuous irrigation of PME for <5, 5-10 and
>10 years to grow sugarcane were studied. Secondary treated paper mill
effluent was acidic (6.26 ± 0.2) in nature, medium in electrical
conductivity (1.81 ± 0.1 dS m-1), BOD load (35.2 ± 2 mg l-1) was optimum
and COD load was higher (287 ± 4.2 mg l-1) but low in plant nutrients. In
rice-rice cropping system treatment which received irrigation with fresh
water + 150 % RDN recorded significantly higher grain (5.14 t ha-1) and
straw yield (6.34 t ha-1) compared to other treatments. Significantly lower
grain (4.06 t ha-1) and straw yield (5.14 t ha-1) was recorded in treatment
receiving paper mill effluent + RDF. Soil properties like pH, EC, available
P2O5 (63.5 kg ha-1), K2O (636.3 kg ha-1) and exchangeable Na (0.616 c
mol (p+) kg-1) secondary and micronutrients content were higher in
treatment receiving paper mill effluent + RDF while, the SOC (9.9 g kg-1)
and available N (412.1 kg ha-1) were higher in treatment receiving paper
mill effluent + 150 %RDN . In the fields irrigated continuously with PME
to grow sugarcane the mean pH, EC, SOC, N, P, K, S, exchangeable-Ca,
Mg, Na and DTPA- Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and boron content in surface soils of
>10 years of effluent irrigated fields were higher compared to 5-10, <5
years and control fields. The content of available macro and micro
nutrients were decreased with depth.
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