RESPONSE OF PRE-RELEASE GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DIFFERENT SPACINGS AND FERTILIZER LEVELS IN EASTERN DRY ZONE OF KARNATAKA
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Date
2017-01-21
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UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BENGALURU
Abstract
Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major edible oil seed and a food crop of the
world. It is an annual and highly self-pollinated crop belonging to family Leguminaceae
and sub family Papilionaceae. It is popularly called as poor man’s almond and considered
as king of oilseeds. Groundnut is native to Brazil and largely grown in the tropical and
subtropical regions of the world. Cultivation of this crop is mostly confined to
geographical belt between 40 °N and 45 °S latitude. Groundnut is a unique crop with
attributes of oilseed, protein and carbohydrate, consisting of 44 to 50 per cent of edible
oil, 25 per cent of high quality protein and 18 per cent of carbohydrates in addition to
minerals and vitamins. Groundnut oil contains a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty
acid, including essential fatty acids linolenic and linoleic acids (Desai et al., 1999). It is
also fairly rich in calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin B complex (thiamine, riboflavin,
niacin). It has multifarious usages such as in manufacture of soap, cosmetics, shaving
cream, lubricants, etc., apart from using as major edible oil in the preparation of various
food items. It plays an important role in agricultural economy and human life.
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