Salt stress induced biochemical changes for delayed leaf senescence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.)
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Date
2017
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted to study the effect of salt stress on
physiological, biochemical, yield and quality parameters in two wheat varieties i.e saltsensitive
(HD 3086) and salt-tolerant (KRL 210). Salt stress was imposed by irrigating the
pots with artificial saline water of 8 and 12 dSm-1. The leaf samples were analysed for various
physiological and biochemical parameters at 0, 10 and 20 days after anthesis. The relative
water content, chl a and chl ratio gradually decreased with increasing days after anthesis
whereas, more decrease in osmotic potential was at 10 days after anthesis in both cultivars
and the magnitude of reduction was more in salt-sensitive cultivar (HD 3086) with increase in
salt concentration. Chlorophyll stability index was low in HD 3086. The production of
malondialdehyde content (MDA), which is an indicator of cell-membrane damage also
increased in both cultivars with higher level of increment in the salt-sensitive cultivars than
salt-tolerant cultivar. Salt stress resulted in higher increase in the activities of APX and POX
in KRL 210 at 10 days after anthesis. Contrarily, ascorbic acid and carotenoids declined in
leaves of both cultivars but more in HD 3086 cultivar upon exposure to salt-stress and days
after anthesis. Adverse effect of salt stress on plants was associated with accumulation of less
K+ and more Na+ in their flag leaf. This resulted in lower K+/Na+ ratio in both the varieties of
wheat. Ratio K+/Na+was high in KRL 210. Salinity caused a decrease of hectolitre weight and
an increase of protein, gluten and sedimentation value. Salinization led to reduction in test
weight, grain number per spike, grain weight per spike, grain yield per plant. Salt
susceptibility index (SSI) was less in KRL210.
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