Areca based cropping systems (ABCS) and climate change - An environmental economic study in western ghats region of Karnataka
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Date
2013-12-06
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
Abstract
The present study attempts to show the variations in climatic factors
and their impact on arecanut productivity, coping methods employed by
farmers to climate change and importance of ABCS in the present day climate
change context in Western Ghats (WG) region of Karnataka. In WG it was found
that, the means of climatic factors in three decades (1982-1991, 1992-2001 and
2002-2010) were statistically significant with respect to daily temperature, daily
relative humidity and annual Rainfall. RainfalI during fruit development period
and evening relative humidity had significant negative effect on Yield of
arecanut. Majority of the farmers (66 %) employed both micro irrigation and
diversification, 21 per cent of farmers employed diversification, 4 per cent of
farmers employed drip irrigation and 5 percent of farmers employed other
methods to cope with climate change. From estimated multinomial logit model,
it was found that education, income and region had greater significant effect on
the decisions of the farmers to adapt above methods. Lack of information, lack
of capital, poor potential for irrigation and shortage of labour were the four
major barriers in adapting coping methods for climate change. The CDI was
very low in case of Maidan region (0.09) indicating less diversity whereas in WG
it was 0.45 indicating relatively more diversity. The TDI in Soppinabetta system
of WG was 0.95 indicating high tree diversity. Diversity of trees in Home garden
was larger in case of WG (TDI of 0.70) compared to Home gardens in Maidan
region (TDI of 0.57). In WG carbon stock per acre was more in case of Arecanut
garden (41.92 tonnes per acre) followed by Soppinabetta (30.99 tonnes per
acre), Home garden (8.79 tonnes per acre) and Silvi-horti (5.28 tonnes per
acre).Ecological ratios showed that, WG region was more productive ecologically
and economically than Maidan region.
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Keywords
carbon, climate, costs, precipitation, yields, crops, climatic change, area, carbon sequestration, economics