GENETIC VARIABILITY ANALYSIS AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF RABI SORGHUM [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] GERMPLASMS
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Date
2006
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Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
he present investigation entitled "Genetic variability
analysis and morphological characterization of rabi sorghum
[Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] germplasms" was carried out at
Sorghum Improvement Project, M.P.K.V., Rahuri (M.S.) during
rabi 2003, to study the extent of genetic variability in the rabi
sorghum germplasm, to characterize the germplasm on the basis
of morphological characters and to isolate the desirable ideotypes
for the breeding purpose.
An experimental material consist of 550 different
germplasm of rabi sorghum available with Senior Sorghum
Breeder, Sorghum Improvement Project, M.P.K.V., Rahuri. 550
genotypes of rabi sorghum were grown in Augmented
Randomized Block Design with two checks i.e. M-35-1 and CSV
216 in 22 blocks. The observations were recorded on plant, leaf, panicle,
flowers and seed morphological characters. The morphological
characteristics exhibited by different varieties studied indicated
that although some of the cultivars have common morphological
features in respect of one or few characters, they can be
differentiated from each other on the basis of other characters.
Plant morphological characters like plant colour (tan
and nontan), days of 50 per cent flowering (early, medium and
late), days to maturity (early, medium and late), plant height
(short, medium and tall), internode length, number of internodes
per plant, number of leaves per plant were studied. Leaf
characters like midrib colour, leaf sheath waxiness, leaf margin
shape, flag leaf angle, leaf position angle, leaf sheath covering,
leaf length, leaf width were also studied and characterized.
Panicle characters like panicle shape, peduncle length, earhead
length, earhead width and seed characters like seed shape, seed
size, seed luster, 1000 seed weight and grain yield per plant were
also studied. Genotypes exhibited differences for these
characters.
Sufficient variability was present in germplasm under
study for all characters. Magnitude of PCV was found more than
GCV for all characters.
The heritability in broad sense for growth characters
1000 seed weight, grain yield, number of leaves per plant, leaf width, internode length, peduncle length and earhead length was
highest. High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance
was observed for growth traits viz., grain yield, 1000 grain
weight, number of leaves per plant, earhead length, leaf width,
internode length, peduncle length and plant height suggesting
additive gene control in the inheritance of these traits and scope
for selection in the improvement of these characters. On the
basis of superiority of the different genotypes over better check
some genotypes are isolated and suggested for further
improvement programme of rabi sorghum.
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