STUDY OF MARKETING OF POMEGRANATES AND GRAPES IN ARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTAN

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dc.contributor.advisorBHAVANI DEVI, I
dc.contributor.authorRAZIQ REHAN, ABDUL
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-07T06:49:50Z
dc.date.available2020-02-07T06:49:50Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionD5801en_US
dc.description.abstractThe study was conducted to identify marketing channels, price spread, export competitiveness, direction of trade, marketing costs, margin and problems involved in marketing of pomegranates and grapes. The study was conducted in Arghandab district, Kandahar province, Afghanistan. The sample constituted 60 farmers and 30 traders (10 wholesalers, 10 retailers and 10 exporters). About 20.00 per cent of the pomegranate respondents belonged to the age group of 20-35 years, 43.34 per cent of the respondents belonged to the group of 36-55 and remaining (36.66%) respondents were in the age groups of more than 56 years. On the other hand, 33.34 per cent of the grapes respondents belonged to the age group of 20-35 years, 30.00 per cent of the respondents pertained to the group of 36-55 and remaining (36.66%) respondents were in the age group of more than 56 years. About 66.67 per cent of the pomegranate respondents were illiterates followed by middle school (23.34%), graduates (6.66%), and high school (3.33%) educated, while 66.67 per cent of grape respondents were illiterates followed by 16.67 per cent graduates, middle school (10.00%) and 6.66 per cent respondents were high school-educated. The percentage of family members working on the pomegranate farms was 36.67, while on grapevine farms it was 43.33 per cent. There was not much difference in the participation of family workers on pomegranate and grapevine farms. About 46.67 per cent of the pomegranate respondents were marginal farmers followed by small farmers (33.33%), medium (20.00%) and large farmers (0.00%) whereas for the respondents of grapes it is observed that 36.67 per cent were marginal farmers followed by small farmers (33.33%), medium (20.00%) and large farmers were identified as 10.00 per cent. Neither of the selected farmers borrowed from either banks or money lenders or fellow farmers. As such there is no system of farm credit in vogue in the southern part of Afghanistan. It is understood that it is likely to be implemented in northern part of Afghanistan shortly. All that they do is if borrowing is imminent the farmers borrow from their friends at no interest. Interest is not charged in the private transaction. In this study it was found that 20 per cent of pomegranate farmers and 20 per cent of grape farmers borrowed from friends under the condition of ‘no interest’ in the transaction. Five marketing channels were found operating each in pomegranates and grapes. Highest percentage of sales took place through channel I in pomegranates i.e. Producer- wholesaler- retailer- consumer. Same channel was found in grapes as well regarding percentage of sales. About 70 per cent of the pomegranate farmers expressed that spot payment and proximity were both influencing factors, while 26.6 per cent felt a lonely that it was spot payment of the buyer that prompted to prefer these channels. Both spot payment and proximity were the most attractive factors according to 46.6 per cent of the producers to prefer these channels. About 40.00 per cent of the wholesalers for both crops considered colour, size, taste and durability as the important indicators to judge quality of the fruit. 20.00 per cent of the wholesalers felt that colour, taste and size were also important parameters. 20.00 of wholesalers for both crops considered colour and size and 20.00 per cent of the wholesalers felt that all quality indicators as the important indicators to judge the quality of the fruit. The pomegranate sample farmers had incurred an amount of Rs. 705.7 in marketing one quintal of pomegranates towards crate charges, transportation, labour expenses and commission agent’s fee in channel I. Crate charges was the major item accounting for 64.10 per cent of total costs. The price spread analysis of grapes showed that the producer’s share in consumer’s rupee was higher in channel IV that when the fruits were sold directly to consumers. The producer’s share in consumer’s rupee varied from 4.97 per cent to 51.61 per cent and minimum share was found in export trade. The estimated Nominal Protection Co-efficient (NPC) for pomegranates to Pakistan was found to be less than one during all the years, studied indicating that it was competitive commodity. The estimated (NPC) varied from 0.50 to 0.72 during the period of 2011-12 to 2017-18. The estimated Nominal Protection Co-efficients (NPC) for pomegranates exported to India were found to be less than one during all the years studied indicating that it was a competitive commodity. The estimated (NPC) varied from 0.50 to 0.63 during the period of 2011-12 to 2017-18. Regarding pomegranates Pakistan had high retention probability to the extent of 0.739 and relatively lower transfer probability 0.227 to India. Very low transfer probability of 0.005 to UAE, 0.021 to Tajiskistan and 0.002 to others was observed. The high retention of exports share was further strengthened by the gains from UAE and India. It had gained from the entire share (1.00) of Tajiskistan and other countries. India also had a fair degree of retention of 0.533. In respect of grapes, Pakistan had the highest retention probability of 0.988 and least transfer probability of 0.011 and 0.000088 to India and UAE respectively. The highest retention of export share was further consolidated by gains from India, UAE, Iran and Tajikistan. Particularly it gained from the entire share of UAE, Iran and Tajikistan. India failed to retain its share and with highest transfer probability of 0.995 to Pakistan and 0.003 to UAE, and 0.001 to other countries. It had gained from the entire share of other countries.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810142674
dc.keywordsPOMEGRANATES, GRAPES IARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTANen_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.pages146en_US
dc.publisherACHARYA N G RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, GUNTURen_US
dc.research.problemSTUDY OF MARKETING OF POMEGRANATES AND GRAPES IN ARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTANen_US
dc.subAgricultural Business Managementen_US
dc.subjectnullen_US
dc.themeSTUDY OF MARKETING OF POMEGRANATES AND GRAPES IN ARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTANen_US
dc.these.typeM.Scen_US
dc.titleSTUDY OF MARKETING OF POMEGRANATES AND GRAPES IN ARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTANen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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