Generation mean analysis for quantitative characters and inheritance of white flower in mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss)
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Date
2008-06
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Rapeseed mustard is an important oilseed crop and occupies third place after groundnut and soybean. The basic objective of any breeding method is to increase the yield per unit area to meet the demand of increasing populations. In recent years, the genetic base of the rapeseed mustard has decreased drastically resulting in limited levels of genetic diversity. Hence, present investigation involved three experiments. First experiment was undertaken to gather information on adequacy of genetic model, nature and magnitude of gene effects in Indian mustard. The second experiment was done to study the inheritance of white flower colour in Families 1 & 2. Third experiment included protein profiling of generations of both the families with the help of SDS-PAGE. The experimental material comprised of two families with ten generations viz., parents (P1 and P2), F1s, RF1s, F2s, RF2s, backcrosses (BC1 and BC2) and reciprocal backcrosses (RBC1 and RBC2). RH 9904 (P1) and Sej-2 (P1) along with a common parent PR-2006-1 (P2) were used for the formation of Family 1 and 2 respectively. These generations were evaluated in Compact Family Block Design. The data of six generations were subjected to generation mean analysis following joint scaling test (Cavalli, 1952). The adequacy of additive-dominance (3 PM) model was observed for days to flowering, number of primary branches, siliqua length and number of seeds per siliqua in Family 2 and for number of secondary branches in Family 1, while for plant height, length of main raceme and 1000-seed weight in both the families. Additive effect was significant for seed yield and total siliqua per plant in Family 2 while for days to flowering, number of secondary branches in Family 1. Length of main raceme, siliqua on main raceme, number of seeds per siliqua showed the significance of additive [d] effects in both the families. Dominance effect was significant in the inheritance of most of the characters in both the families. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed for seed yield in Family 1 and 2. Number of secondary branches and total number of siliqua per plant in Family 2 and oil content in Family 1 showed the presence of duplicate epistasis. The study on inheritance of white flower colour revealed that flower colour in the above genotypes was controlled by recessive monogene with yellow dominant over white colour. Seed protein profiling revealed the absence of any maternal effect among crosses and their reciprocals in both the families. In Family 2, F2 and RF2 were found to be more similar to P2 (female parent) than F1 and RF1 indicating the significance of female parent.
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