Multidimensional analysis of poverty in Haryana: A fuzzy set approach
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Date
2018
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to measure aspect based multidimensional poverty in Haryana. The necessary data for the study was obtained from the consumer expenditure survey (68th round conducted in 2011-12 and 69th round conducted in 2012) of NSSO on drinking water, sanitation, hygiene and housing conditions. The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) suggested by Alkire & Foster (2011) using the dual cut-off method based on the counting approach has been applied for poverty estimation in rural and urban areas of Haryana. The Totally Fuzzy and Relative Approach due to Costa and Angelis (2008) have been used to measure multidimensional poverty in Haryana. Univariate techniques for poverty measurement such as Head Count Ratio (HCR), Income Gap Ratio (IGR) and Poverty Gap Ratio (PGR) based on monetary data have also been used to estimate the proportion of deprived households at district levels in Haryana. The HCR indicated that the districts of Mewat and Fatehabad have maximum proportion of the poor households in rural Haryana while, the districts of Mewat and Yamuna Nagar have the maximum proportion of poor households in urban Haryana. The districts of Jhajjar, Gurgaon, Sonipat and Karnal have the minimum proportion of the poor households in rural Haryana while the districts of Hisar, Fatehabad and Gurgaon have the minimum proportion of poor households in urban Haryana. The maximum PGR has been observed in the districts of Fatehabad, Yamuna Nagar and Mewat in rural Haryana while the urban households in the districts of Mewat and Yamuna Nagar have the maximum poverty gap ratio.
The fuzzy MPI based on the aspects of drinking water facilities, sanitation facilities and housing conditions for Haryana indicated that 33.28% households in overall Haryana are multidimensionally poor with 36.64% households in rural and 30.46% in urban Haryana. The decomposition of the households by social groups indicated that there is not much difference in multidimensional poverty index values among households related to schedule castes (SC), other backward classes (OBC) and others. The index values varied from 30.49 to 34.24 per cent among the social groups. Using the Alkire-Foster aspect based MPI, it was observed that the rural households in the districts of Mewat, Panipat, Mahendragarh, Rohtak, Gurgaon and Palwal have high MPI values indicating high level of poverty or deprivedness in these districts. Similarly the households in urban areas of the districts of Mewat, Panipat, Jhajjar, Rohtak and Mahendragarh were found multidimensionally poor as indicated by high MPI values.
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