Genetic studies on yield and yield contributing traits in important germplasm of non-basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2022-08
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G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Genetic Studies on Yield and Yield Contributing Traits in Important Germplasm of Non-basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.)” was undertaken to: (i) to estimate the relative amount of variability, heritability and genetic advance for various traits for better selection values. (ii) to estimate correlation coefficients between different characters. (iii) to study the direct and indirect effects of yield components on grain yield by path coefficient analysis and (iv) to examine genetic divergence existing in the germplasm collections of the present study. The investigation was carried out with 41 rice genotypes at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar during Kharif 2021. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications and observation was recorded for 9 quantitative and 3 quality traits. Analysis of variance revealed ample amount of variability among all the 41 genotypes for all the 12 studied characters. High genotypic coefficient of variation and phenotypic coefficient of variation was exhibited by number of grains per panicle followed by grain yield per plot, flag leaf area and number of panicles per plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of grains per panicle, plant height and days to 50% flowering indicating the role of additive gene action. Hence, selection for these parameters may be effective. Grain yield per plot exhibited highly significant and positive correlation with number of grains per panicle, thousand grain weight and number of panicles per plant both at phenotypic and genotypic levels. Therefore, grain yield can be improved by selecting genotypes having higher performance for these traits. Path coefficient analysis of direct and indirect effect of yield related traits on grain yield showed that number of grains per panicle has highest direct positive effect followed by thousand grain weight and number of panicles per plant. The cluster analysis for genetic diversity grouped 41 rice genotypes into six clusters with cluster I comprising maximum (fifteen) genotypes followed by cluster III and IV consisting of twelve and four genotypes respectively. The highest inter cluster distance (D= 8.67) was observed between cluster II and cluster IV; hence hybridization among the genotype of these clusters will give good heterotic recombination. Genotypes namely RG- 3528, RG- 3511, RG- 3536, RG3533 and RG- 3506 were found best for grain yield along with yield attributing and quality traits. Therefore, these genotypes may be used as a donor in breeding programme or may be directly used as a variety for commercial cultivation after successive rounds of selection for crop improvement.